飞机结构常见腐蚀形式仿真研究进展

当前军用飞机环境适应性考核一般采用外场暴晒和实验室加速两种手段进行，但当结构设计发生改变时，往往需要重新进行考核试验，耗时耗力。腐蚀仿真运用有限元或边界元的数学手段，以电化学基础理论为依据能够在较短的时间内准确的预测腐蚀结果，得到了国内外研究学者的青睐并在欧美等发达国家部分领域已经开始得到应用。首先重点分析了飞机常见腐蚀形式的国内外仿真研究现状，包括电偶腐蚀、点蚀、缝隙腐蚀以及应力作用下的腐蚀，在此基础上，对腐蚀仿真的基础理论进行了总结概述，针对目前较为成熟的腐蚀仿真商业软件进行了优缺点对比，最后提出了动界面追踪、多尺度多物理场腐蚀仿真模拟、腐蚀仿真规范化以及航空领域工程应用4个腐蚀仿真目前研究的难点，期望可以为腐蚀仿真的进一步探究提供方向性参考。

Research progress of corrosion simulation of aircraft structures

Current environmental adaptability assessment of military aircraft is usually carried out by means of outdoor exposure and laboratory acceleration. However, changes in structure design often necessitate reexamination test, which is both time and labor consuming. Corrosion simulation uses the finite element method or boundary element method to accurately predict the corrosion results in a relatively short time with basic electrochemistry theories, gaining favors from scholars home and abroad and finding applications in some fields in the US and European countries. This paper first focuses on the analysis of the current situation of simulation research on the common corrosion forms of aircraft at home and abroad, including galvanic corrosion, pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion and stress corrosion. The basic theories of corrosion simulation are then summarized, with the advantages and disadvantages of the mature commercial software of corrosion simulation compared. Finally, we point out four research difficulties of corrosion simulation, including dynamic interface tracing, multi-scale and multi-physical field corrosion simulation, corrosion simulation standardization, and engineering application in the field of aviation, hoping to provide a directional reference for further exploration of corrosion simulation.