机械连接中钉的轴力和剪切力测量传感器

对机械连接中测量钉的轴力的各种测试方法进行总结，对复合材料多钉连接中钉载的多种测试方法进行分析，提出了一种能同时测量钉的轴力和剪切力的传感器。根据钉的受力情况和材料力学理论推导出钉的轴力和剪切力的计算表达式。设计了传感器的轴力和剪切力的两套测试装置，分别进行了轴力和剪切力的测试试验。对传感器测试结果的载荷-应变曲线的线性度、重复性进行了分析研究。测试结果表明：传感器的载荷-应变曲线具有良好的线性度和重复性，能满足工程上对测量传感器的技术要求。同时通过测试也发现，传感器的安装角对轴力和剪切力的测量结果无影响；安装紧力矩对剪切力的测量结果有影响，但随着外载的增大，影响会逐渐减小。

Force sensor for axial force and shear force of bolts in joints

Based on a brief survey of the measurement methods for the axial force of bolts in joints and the shear force of bolts in composite multi-bolt joints, a force sensor for simultaneously measuring both the axial force and shear force of bolts in joints is presented to overcome the shortcoming of the existing test methods that only one of the forces could be measured at a time. Two test setups for the axial force and the shear force are designed for the force sensor, and two experiments conducted for the two forces. The linearity and repeatability of the load-strain curves from the test results of the force sensor are experimentally investigated. The test outcomes show that the presented force sensor satisfies the technical requirements for measuring the axial force and shear force of bolts in engineering, further verifying the suitability of the proposed force sensor. The installation angle of the force sensor has no effect on the measurement results of the axial force and shear force. The bolt tightening torques are found to significantly influence the measurement results, whereas the effects weaken slowly when the external load increases.