气动伺服弹性研究的进展与挑战

飞机、导弹等飞行器的气动伺服弹性(ASE)问题源于空气动力、结构弹性以及控制系统之间的复杂耦合。随着飞行器朝着结构更轻、速度更快、性能更好的目标发展,该问题日益突出,直接影响飞行安全与性能。经过六十余年的研究,国内外在ASE分析、综合与试验方面取得了卓有成效的进展。近十余年来,若干新问题因非常规构型飞行器设计的发展而暴露出来,对ASE研究施加巨大挑战,值得重点分析。鉴于此,讨论了ASE分析中的刚弹耦合、非线性、推力矢量以及系统辨识等问题,对ASE综合中的阵风减缓、颤振主动控制和ASE优化问题加以阐述,强调了ASE试验中需要重视的技术,简要介绍了近十余年国外代表性的ASE试验项目案例,指出了一些ASE研究的新动向,并对国内的ASE研究给出了建议。

Progress and challenges for aeroservoelasticity research

The aeroservoelasticity (ASE) problems occurring on the aircraft (e.g. airplanes, missiles) originate from the sophisticated coupling between aerodynamics, structural elasticity and control system. As the aircraft develops to be lighter, faster and more capable, these problems become increasingly acute and thus have a direct influence on flight safety and performance. After more than sixty years of research, great progress has been made at home and abroad in the field of ASE analysis, synthesis and test. In the recent decade, several new issues are revealed due to the design evolution of aircraft with unconventional configuration, and pose the huge challenges to ASE research, which is worth analysis specifically. This paper discusses the problems of rigid/elastic interaction, nonlinearity, thrust vectoring and system identification in ASE analysis, and states the key issues for gust alleviation, active flutter suppression and ASE optimization in the ASE synthesis. Technologies that need to be focused in ASE tests are emphasized, followed by a brief introduction to some representative examples of overseas ASE tests in the recent decade. Some new directions towards advanced ASE research are indicated, and also suggestions are provided for domestic ASE research.