卫星轨道保持的一类控制模型

地球赤道静止卫星希望其定点位置固定不变；采用轨迹重复的近地轨道的对地遥感卫星，需要具有固定的地面轨迹位置；如这类遥卫星还同时采用太阳同步轨道，则还要求降交点地方平太阳时固定不变，上述这三种情况虽然其物理机制各不同相同，但其变化及过程中可抽象出一种共同的模型，文章首先给出这个统一的模型并对其进行讨论，然后将结果应用到所述的三种具体情况。

A Control Model for Satellite Orbit Maintenance

Orbit maintenance is one of very important operation tasks for geostation-ary satellites as well as earth resource satellites.In the case of geostationary orbit the satellites as well as earth resource satellites.In the case of geostationary orbit the satellite position on Earth equator will drift because the perturbation caused by Earth equator ellipticity and the control needs to be performed periodically.In the case of earth resource satellite the atmosphere drag can also cause the ground tracks drift and raising semi-major axis becomes a routine work.In addition,if the orbit is sun-synchronous one,the sun gravitation can effect the inclination and induce the drift of the right ascension of ascending node.Although physical mechanisms to cause the variations are different for different cases,the same mathematical model could be abstracted.The mathematical model for all the cases is presented first,then applications for different situations are described.