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An annual variation analysis of the ionospheric spatial gradient over a regional area for GNSS applications |
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| Authors: | Jeongrae Kim Seung Woo Lee Hyung Keun Lee |
| Institution: | 1. School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang-si 412-791, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Earth Environmental Systems, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea;3. School of Electronics, Telecommunication and Computer Engineering, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang-si 412-791, Republic of Korea |
| Abstract: | An ionospheric spatial gradient represents the ionosphere delay difference between different locations, and its variation over a specific area is important for implementing differential GNSS systems. An estimation method for the ionospheric spatial gradient over a small regional area is proposed. A plate map model is implemented for the direct estimation of the gradients. Nine years of GPS data were processed to figure out the annual variation of the mean gradient at the mid-geomagnetic latitude of 30° N. Gradients along the north–south direction have a mean of 0.65 mm/km and follow solar-cycle variations. |
| Keywords: | Ionospheric delay Ionospheric spatial gradient Ionospheric plate model |
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