不规则区域成像覆盖星座构型优化设计

近年来卫星对地观测需要呈现逐年上升趋势.从单个目标点的对地观测卫星星座构型设计方法入手，推广为设计满足不规则大范围成像区域重访时间需求的卫星星座.以卫星数目最少及满足重访时间要求为优化目标，采用改进的模拟退火算法，结合改进的等面积网格点覆盖法，提出了一种针对不规则区域成像全覆盖的卫星星座构型优化设计方法.分析了光照因素对重访时间、所需卫星数目以及星座构型的影响，并通过仿真分析验证了算法的可行性. 

Optimal Design of Constellation Configuration for Irregular Imaging Area Coverage Based on Improved Simulated Annealing Algorithm

The requirements of Earth observation through satellites is increasing in recent years. An optimization design method of constellation configuration for irregular imaging area coverage is proposed. For a single point target, an improved simulated annealing algorithm is used for constellations configuration design which can satisfy the revisiting time requirement. The optimizing objectives are minimum number of satellites and the requirement of revisiting time. In order to meet the requirements of observing a large and irregular shape area using less satellites and with a specific revisiting time, a new algorithm which is based on the equal-area grid point coverage method as well as the improved simulated annealing algorithm is proposed. The new algorithm can be used to optimize the constellation configuration and realize imaging irregular area targets with full coverage. The influence of target illumination condition is analyzed. A comparison is made between the optimal results ignoring illumination and with illumination. Taking some specific area as examples, the simulations are performed to prove the feasibility of the algorithm. The results show that the optimal constellation configuration for the designated area with certain constraints can be obtained by using the algorithm.