镍基单晶合金DD3的寿命预测模型

探讨了镍基单晶合金在承受机械载荷和温度载荷时的寿命预测模型。基于疲劳 -蠕变试验及热机械疲劳 -蠕变试验 ,分析了各影响寿命的主要因素。典型断口的 SEM分析表明 :断口由小剖面组成 ,在小剖面的中心 (附近 )有形核于铸造缺陷的小空穴 ,这些小孔洞有不同程度的长大 ,相对于蠕变 ,疲劳断口的小空穴数量 (密度 )明显增加。详细的观察表明 ,这些空穴对高温带保载的疲劳断口而言 ,承受拉伸保载的断口上的空穴明显较承受压缩保载断口上的空穴大。概括而言 ,镍基单晶合金的破坏受到的影响为空穴扩张和材料消耗 ,对蠕变、疲劳和热疲劳都相同。针对镍基单晶合金叶片的温度、载荷特点 ,可以用线形寿命模型统一描述工作寿命。

Life Prediction Model for a Nickel-base Single Crystal Superalloy DD3

The possibility of a life prediction model for nickel base single crystal blades has been studied. The fatigue creep (FC) and thermal fatigue creep(TMFC) as well as creep experiments have been carried out with different hold time of DD3. The hold time and the frequency as well as the temperature range are the main factors influencing the life. An emphasis has been put on the micro mechanism of the rupture of creep, FC and TMFC. Two main factors are the voiding and degeneration of the material for the creep, FC and TMFC experiments. There are voids in the fracture surfaces, and the size of the voids is dependent on the loading condition. Generally, the rupture mechanism is the same for creep, FC and TMFC. If the loading can be simplified to the working conditions of the turbine blades, %i.e.% the hold time is at the top temperature and maximum stress, a linear life model is satisfactory to the life prediction of the nickel base single crystal superalloy from the experimental study in this paper.