沸腾换热在水卡式大热流传感器研制中的应用

为了实现MW级热流环境的长时间稳态测量,研制了一种新型结构的水卡式大热流传感器。该传感器采用U型水冷通道结构,基于沸腾换热理论进行换热设计,设计量程5~15 MW/m~2。在高温超声速燃气流试验台上进行了热流测试试验,实际测试量程3~25 MW/m~2。沸腾换热理论的应用可以在较小的水流速下实现MW级热防护,大大降低了设计难度。新型结构传感器相对传统的中心冲击结构换热效率更高,可实现的量程范围更大。

Development of a calorimetric heat flux sensor of new structure based on boiling heat transfer method

For the long time steady measurement of heat flux of MW magnitude, a calorimetric heat-flux sensor of new structure is designed based on the boiling heat transfer method. A U-shaped water cooling channel is designed, with expected measuremente range from 5 to 15 MW/m². The sensor is tested in the high temperature supersonic gas flow field, to find its real range of 3 to 25 MW/m². It is shown that the application of the boiling heat transfer method makes the design much easier due to the better heat transfer efficiency at a lower speed and a smaller pressure loss of the subcooled water, leading to its extended range for measurment.