尖前缘一体化高温热管启动性能计算分析

针对尖前缘高温热管工程设计与启动性能评估需求，基于描述碱金属高温热管启动过程的“温度锋面”模型，建立了一种用于分析不规则外形且承受非均匀瞬态气动加热的一体化尖前缘高温热管启动性能工程计算方法。该方法结合尖前缘气动加热环境分布特点进行计算节点划分，采用热管基本理论和局部能量守恒原理计算热管温度分布及“温度锋面”位置，实现尖前缘热管启动过程的理论预测。同时，采用均匀受热圆柱热管和尖前缘一体化热管启动试验结果对计算方法进行了验证。最后针对某尖前缘一体化高温热管结构在气动加热环境下的启动性能进行计算分析，提出了减小尖前缘高温热管启动时间的可能方法和措施：尖前缘高温热管启动后等温性良好，通过控制热管总长、壳体厚度、工质充装量等设计参数或调整热管初始温度可进一步缩短热管启动时间。

Calculation investigation of high-temperature heat pipe startup of sharp leading edge

In order to design high-temperature heat pipe of sharp leading edge and forecast its startup characteristic, an engineering method to analyze the startup performance of high-temperature heat pipe for sharp leading edge was established based on the flat-front startup model for high-temperature heat pipe with alkali metal medium,which dividecompute nodesaccording to the heating environment distributed characteristics of sharp leading edge,and calculate the temperature distribution and flat-front position of heat pipein accordance with the the basic theory of heat pipes and local energy conservation principle.The startup test results of an evenly heated cylindrical heat pipe and an integrated sharp leading edge heat pipe were used to verify thismethod.Thestartup performance of an integrated sharp leading edge heat pipe under aero-heating environmentwas calculated,and methods for reducing the heat pipe startup time were acquired according to the calculation results,which indicated that the isothermal characteristic of high-temperature heat pipe for sharp leading edge is very good,rational design of changing the total length,the thickness of the shell,the mass of inner alkali metal and the initial usage temperature of the heat pipe may reduce its startup time.