基于时变需求的机票动态定价研究

机票定价是航空收益管理研究的一大核心和热点,对航空公司总收益有直接影响。为研究旅客需求受价格和时间两种因素影响下的定价问题,在基本连续动态定价模型的基础上,考虑旅客时变需求,研究和探讨了时变需求下动态定价模型的性质和相关定理,并进行了详细证明。该模型与非时变需求下的动态定价模型相比,某些性质和定理已不成立。此外,鉴于求解连续定价模型的复杂性,进一步探讨了价格集合为离散情况下的定价问题,并分别针对两等级票价以及多等级票价提出了有效的价格控制策略。最后,通过算例验证,对比分析了时变需求与非时变需求下的定价策略的有效性,结果表明前者能为航空公司带来更高的收益。

Dynamic Pricing of Air Tickets Based on Time-Varying Demand

Pricing of air tickets is the core and hotspot in the research of airline revenue management, and it affects the earnings of airlines directly. In order to study the pricing problem in the condition that passenger demand is affected by factors of price and time, theorems and properties of the continuous dynamic pricing model with considering time-varying demand are discussed based on the basic dynamic pricing model. Corresponding proofs are proposed. Some of the theorems and properties do not work compared with the model without considering time-varying demand. In addition, we further discuss the pricing problem in discrete case due to the complexity of solving the continuous dynamic pricing model. Effective pricing control strategies for two fare levels and multiple fare levels are proposed respectively. Finally, we compare the effectiveness of pricing strategies based on time-varying demand and non-time-varying demand respectively. Results show that the former can generate higher total revenue of airline.