太阳帆航天器行星际轨道转移优化算法

研究基于遗传算法的太阳帆行星际转移轨道的全局优化问题.通过极小值原理推导了太阳帆全局优化控制律,并以太阳帆飞行时间最短为优化目标函数,运用遗传算法对发射时间、到达时间和协态变量初值进行参数优化设计.为了解决轨道转移这一多约束优化问题,在遗传算法中加入动态罚函数.在此理论基础上作了从地球同步轨道出发到火星同步轨道转移和从地球出发与火星交会两个算例,仿真结果表明了该方法在太阳帆转移轨道全局优化中的有效性.

Optimization Algorithm for Interplanetary Transfer Trajectories of Solar-Sail Spacecraft

Minimum-time orbit transfers for solar sail spacecraft base on genetic algorithm(GA) are explored.The optimal control law is derived from the maximum principle,minimum time consumption is chosen as the optimization objective,and the launch date,the arrive date and the initial guess of the co-states are optimized by using GA.In order to deal with the design of transfer orbit with many constraints,the penalty function is introduced into the GA.Orbit transfers for solar sail from Earth’s synchronous heliocentric orbit to Mars’ synchronous heliocentric orbit and from Earth to Mars have been designed and simulated as examples.Results of simulation show correctness and practicability of proposed orbit transfer algorithm.