Geochronology and monitoring of cosmic rays for accumulating cosmogenic isotopes 53Mn and 10Be in terrestrial rocks

The paper is devoted to discussing the method of measuring the accumulation of radioactive isotopes ⁵³Mn (with a half-life T = 3.7 million years) and ¹⁰Be (T = 2.5 million years) in iron-bearing rocks. Knowledge of the dynamics of the accumulation of these isotopes would allow us to estimate the variations in the intensity of cosmic rays, periods of glaciations and geological changes, as well as climatic processes on the Earth in retrospect of 0.1–10 million years. For an operative study of a large number of samples, it has been proposed to use a low-cost neutron activation method with the implementation of the ⁵³Mn(n, γ)⁵⁴Mn reaction in a slow neutron reactor. As has been shown, using the 10Be isotope together with ⁵³Mn makes it possible to simultaneously determine both the cosmic-ray fluxes and the shielding time of the corresponding region from cosmic radiation. To obtain the reliable data on cosmic rays, it has been proposed to study rock samples from the lunar surface.