燃气轮机涡轮叶顶间隙气热技术研究进展

涡轮叶顶间隙泄漏流动对其流道内气动损失、传热状况甚至总体效率都有较为明显的影响,是降低涡轮气热性能的关键因素之一。长期以来,叶顶间隙区域的流动传热机理及其气热控制一直是燃气轮机领域研究的一个热点和难点问题。鉴于此,从叶顶间隙泄漏流动机理及影响因素、间隙泄漏控制方法、叶顶传热冷却机理、影响因素与控制、叶顶间隙气热优化以及过渡态叶顶间隙变化规律及建模与控制等方面对国内外近十年来涡轮叶顶间隙气热技术方面的研究进展进行综述,并简要总结了叶顶间隙泄漏流的常用研究方法,包括流动传热试验与数值计算方法等。最后,对涡轮叶顶间隙气热技术的未来研究重点和发展趋势进行了展望。

Research progress on turbine blade tip aerodynamics and heat transfer technology for gas turbines

The turbine blade tip leakage flow has significant influences on aerodynamic losses,heat transfer and even overall efficiency of the turbine,and is thus one of the key factors in deteriorating the turbine aerothermal performance.The flow and heat transfer mechanisms and the aerothermal control of the tip leakage have been a hot and difficult issue in the research on gas turbines.The research progresses on turbine blade tip aerodynamics and heat transfer over the past decade are reviewed in five aspects:blade tip leakage flow mechanism and its influencing factors,tip leakage flow control methods,blade tip heat transfer and cooling mechanism,influencing factors and control methods,blade tip aerothermal optimization,and blade tip clearance variation,blade tip modeling and its control at transient operations.Furthermore,the turbine blade tip leakage flow research methods,including flow and heat transfer tests and numerical methods are briefly summarized.The key trends and future research priorities regarding turbine blade tip aerodynamics and heat transfer are presented.