详细化学反应机理对预混丙烷钝体熄火模拟影响

航空发动机熄火预测是重要关键问题之一，湍流和化学反应的非线性相互作用使预测非常困难。本文采用大涡模拟（LES）对湍流进行高精度模拟，采用概率密度函数输运方程湍流燃烧模型（TPDF）耦合JL4、Z66和H73三种化学反应机理，对预混丙烷钝体熄火现象和规律进行研究。JL4的反应机理最简单，反应释热快，局部放热高，火焰宽度大，火焰两侧温度梯度大，燃烧更加趋于稳定，无法模拟出熄火状态。H73机理绝热火焰温度低，火焰温度低，回流区中部OH含量高；在近熄火状态，大量CO被氧化，释放热量过高导致无法模拟出熄火现象。Z66机理可以模拟出火焰正常状态，在低当量比下也可以模拟出熄火状态。本文算例中，局部Da数大于1的区域超过35%则会发生熄火。     

空间激光通信系统中的信道纠错编码技术

由于空间激光通信系统的信道状态和链路捕获跟踪的不确定性,多种形式的信道纠错编码技术正被广泛发展研究。结合空间激光通信链路中误码性能的主要影响因素,分别选择合适的编码方案进行分析。通过仿真实验可知,对于在大气结构参数为1.5×10~(-14) m~(-2/3)、风速为20 m/s的空地激光链路的环境下,在系统数据速率为2 Gbit/s、要求误码率为10~(-6)时,LDPC码结合交织码相对未编码系统有3 dB的等效编码增益,LT码相对未编码系统有3.8 dB的等效编码增益。提供了一种能快速生成、扩展和校验的编码和交织实现方法,以抵抗大气湍流的快速变化对系统性能产生的影响。     

直扩测控系统抗多址能力分析与验证

为了防止多址干扰造成接收机出现误捕和假锁,改善直接序列扩频测控系统抗多址干扰性能,在Gold码特性和扩频接收机性能分析的基础上,结合最大似然原理,对采用扩频体制测控系统的抗干扰能力进行了分析。为契合工程应用,采用仿真遍历结合理论分析的方式,对Gold码的互相关抑制能力理论值进行了工程修正。在分析捕获阶段的抗干扰捕获门限后,还分析了载噪比估计结果在正常锁定和假锁两种状态下的差异,给出了接收机对假锁状态的判决方法和门限。根据分析和仿真的结果,给出了系统设计约束条件和优化的接收机设计流程,作为测控系统和接收机设计的参考。     

Eliminating negative VTEC in global ionosphere maps using inequality-constrained least squares

Currently, ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations of the International GNSS Service (IGS) are distributed unevenly around the world. Most of them are located on the mainland, while only a small part of them are scattered on some islands in the oceans. As a consequence, many unreasonable zero values (in fact negative values) appear in Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) of European Space Agency (ESA) and Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) IONEX products, especially in 2008 and 2009 when the solar activities were rather quiet. To improve this situation, we directly implement non-negative physical constraints of ionosphere for global ionosphere maps (GIM) with spherical harmonic functions. Mathematically, we propose an inequality-constrained least squares method by imposing non-negative inequality constraints in the areas where negative VTEC values may occur to reconstruct GIM models. We then apply the new method to process the IGS data in 2008. The results have shown that the new algorithm efficiently eliminates the unwanted behavior of negative VTEC values, which could otherwise often be seen in the current CODE and ESA GIM products in both middle and high latitude areas of the Southern Hemisphere (45°S∼90°S) and the Northern Hemisphere (50°N∼90°N). About 64% of GPS receivers’ DCBs have been significantly improved. Finally, we compare the GIM results between with and without the inequality constraints, which has clearly shown that the GIM result with inequality constraints is significantly better than that without the inequality constraints. The inequality-constrained GIM result is also highly consistent with the final IGS products in terms of root mean squared (RMS) and mean VTEC.     

基于LabVIEW的通信系统的构建

本设计基于LabVIEW仿真软件完成了基本通信系统和通信综合系统的构建。该系统涵盖了模拟调制,数字调制,模拟信号数字传输,信道编码,最佳接收系统几部分内容。通过系统仿真,实现了系统输入输出波形的直观显示,解决了教学中实验效果不理想,理论内容不好理解的问题。同时通过内置的Web Server进行网页发布后,用户可以在客户端通过web浏览器远程调用并运行本系统,提高效率,节约成本。     

基于LabVIEW的通信系统的构建

本设计基于LabVIEW仿真软件完成了基本通信系统和通信综合系统的构建。该系统涵盖了模拟调制,数字调制,模拟信号数字传输,信道编码,最佳接收系统几部分内容。通过系统仿真,实现了系统输入输出波形的直观显示,解决了教学中实验效果不理想,理论内容不好理解的问题。同时通过内置的Web Server进行网页发布后,用户可以在客户...     

基于加权鉴别函数的二进制偏移载波信号跟踪方法

在移除二进制偏移载波（Binary Offset Carrier,BOC）信号跟踪模糊的同时,为了保持BOC信号高的码跟踪精度,提出基于加权鉴别函数（Weighted Discriminator Function,WDF）的BOC信号无模糊跟踪方法。WDF使用非相干超前减滞后功率（Noncoherent Early Minus Late Power,NELP）鉴别器和子载波相位消除（Sub Carrier Phase Cancellation technique,SCPC）鉴别器,生成无误锁点的鉴别函数实现BOC信号跟踪。针对BOC(10,5)信号,仿真结果表明,相比于SCPC、基于伪相关函数的无模糊延迟锁定环（Pseudo correlation function based Unambiguous Delay Lock Loop,PUDLL）方法和对称脉冲模糊移除（Symmetrical Pulse Ambiguity Removing,SPAR）方法,所提WDF方法在码跟踪误差方面分别改善了2.5dB、5.5dB与8.3dB,多径误差分别降为60.4%、32.8%与38.0%。因此,WDF是一种有效的、高性能的BOC信号无模糊跟踪方法。     

空间通信与BATS码：天成之合

创新通信技术在国家重大空间技术开发计划中有着巨大的需求。本文综述了基于网络编码的空间通信技术,旨在探索未来基于网络编码的空间通信技术的可行性和潜力。首先讨论了空间通信的特点,并给出了不同编码方法的概述;详细介绍了基于网络编码的批量稀疏编码（BATS码）创新技术。BATS码作为一种潜在的应用技术可以很好地解决多跳中继网络中严重丢包问题;给出一个BATS码原型设计和实现,实验结果证明BATS码比现有技术具有明显优势;最后,讨论了BATS码在空间通信中的应用前景。     

双向时间同步系统的设备时延校准技术研究

设备时延校准误差是卫星导航系统中伪码测距实现双向时间同步的重要误差因素,其精确校准是实现时间同步的关键技术。针对设备时延问题展开研究,提出了一种物理含义清晰、易于测量的设备时延的新定义。设计实现了一种双向时间同步系统的设备时延校准方案,基于时间同步站硬件平台验证了设备时延校准的有效性,试验结果表明时延校准的精度与准确度达到了亚纳秒量级。     

Onboard orbit determination using GPS observations based on the unscented Kalman filter

Spaceborne GPS receivers are used for real-time navigation by most low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. In general, the position and velocity accuracy of GPS navigation solutions without a dynamic filter are 25 m (1σ) and 0.5 m/s (1σ), respectively. However, GPS navigation solutions, which consist of position, velocity, and GPS receiver clock bias, have many abnormal excursions from the normal error range for space operation. These excursions lessen the accuracy of attitude control and onboard time synchronization. In this research, a new onboard orbit determination algorithm designed with the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) was developed to improve the performance. Because the UKF is able to obtain the posterior mean and covariance accurately by using the second-order Taylor series expansion through the sampled sigma points that are propagated by using the true nonlinear system, its performance can be better than that of the extended Kalman filter (EKF), which uses the linearized state transition matrix to predict the covariance. The dynamic models for orbit propagation applied perturbations due to the 40 × 40 geo-potential, the gravity of the Sun and Moon, solar radiation pressure, and atmospheric drag. The 7(8)th-order Runge–Kutta numerical integration was applied for orbit propagation. Two types of observations, navigation solutions and C/A code pseudorange, can be used at the user’s discretion. The performances of the onboard orbit determination were verified using real GPS data of the CHAMP and KOMPSAT-2 satellites. The results of the orbit determination were compared with the precision orbit ephemeris (POE) of the CHAMP and KOMPSAT-2 satellites.