太阳同步轨道卫星光学特性

为了分析太阳同步轨道卫星的光学特性,对FY-1卫星的可见光和红外波段光学信号进行了仿真计算和模拟试验验证.通过对外部辐射及内部热源的分析,计算了卫星的温度场,采用随机起伏表面算法模拟表面覆盖材料外表面,通过阴影遮挡判断及双向反射分布函数(BRDF, Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function)模型计算卫星对外部辐射的反射特性,编程计算得到在可见光0.4~1.0μm和红外8~14 μm,14~16 μm波段下卫星的光学特性.结果表明红外辐射亮度与表面温度相关,8~14 μm最大约90 W/(m²·sr)、14~16 μm最大约20 W/(m²·sr).空间可见光辐射强度具有明显的镜面反射效应,卫星主体峰值2 200 W/sr.通过地面模拟测量空间目标的温度和红外辐射验证了温度及红外辐射仿真计算模型,可见光辐射强度仿真计算结果与地面模型卫星测量结果误差在20%以内.     

空间目标可见光相机探测能力理论计算方法研究

空间目标可见光相机的探测能力主要与相机自身收集目标信号的能力、相机本身的背景噪声以及探测器组件的噪声水平有关。衡量空间目标可见光相机探测能力的主要技术指标是信噪比。在国内外相关资料比较缺乏的情况下，文章通过原理研究和理论推导，得到了空间目标可见光相机探测能力理论计算公式，并用实例进行了例证，表明该方法正确可取，为空间目标可见光相机设计时对探测能力的分析和预估提供了理论计算方法。     

空间目标可见光相机探测能力理论计算方法研究

空间目标可见光相机的探测能力主要与相机自身收集目标信号的能力、相机本身的背景噪声以及探测器组件的噪声水平有关。衡量空间目标可见光相机探测能力的主要技术指标是信噪比。在国内外相关资料比较缺乏的情况下,文章通过原理研究和理论推导,得到了空间目标可见光相机探测能力理论计算公式,并用实例进行了例证,表明该方法正确可取,为空间目标可见光相机设计时对探测能力的分析和预估提供了理论计算方法。     

一种基于相对位置约束的双星定位方法

全球卫星定位系统(GNSS)需要至少4颗卫星才能提供持续、准确的定位结果。在有障碍物遮挡的城市街道、山谷或者存在压制式干扰的战场环境中,往往会出现可见星数量降低至4颗以下的情况。针对只有2颗可见星的定位问题,提出了通过相对位置变化对绝对位置进行解算的定位模型,证明了该模型的可行性,并研究了该模型的数值计算方法和几何搜索方法。仿真实验和实际跑车试验表明,在只有2颗可见星条件下,该方法的定位精度明显优于传统的INS/GNSS紧组合算法,并且对初始位置的精度不具有依赖性。     

地球同步带SBV监视系统误差分析与观测数据仿真

以天基可见光(Space-Based Visible,SBV)传感器监视地球同步带为背景,分析了影响SBV传感器观测数据的各项误差源,给出了监视卫星星历误差和监视卫星与监视目标时间同步误差对SBV传感器观测数据误差预算的计算方法。在对各项误差进行仿真模拟的基础上,设计了SBV传感器观测数据仿真结构与流程,并定量分析了各项误差对SBV传感器观测数据的影响。     

基于OPNET的低轨卫星的点波束确定算法(英文)

低轨道卫星通信网络具有低时延的全球覆盖优势。文中提出了一种新的低轨卫星的波束判断方法。该方法首先需要确定用户是否在中心波束,如果不在中心波束,通过两个步骤确定用户所在的边缘波束:第一步采用二维波束算法;第二步采用三维波束算法。基于这些算法,在OPNET平台上实现了具有动态节点和网络协议的铱星通信仿真系统,并获得仿真结果。结果显示,最长可视时间准则明显增加了卫星服务的时间,并且验证了波束宽度模型的应用。     

SBV对GEO短弧初轨确定误差分析

SBV开创了天基光学空间目标监视的先河,其主要任务是弥补地基观测站对GEO等高轨深空目标监视能力的欠缺。空间目标监视任务中,非相关目标的初轨确定具有重要意义。本文针对SBV对GEO目标的短弧段初轨确定问题,通过对短弧段测量方程系数矩阵和初轨误差的推导分析,研究短弧段初轨计算病态性和误差特性,为天基监视系统设计提供参考。     

红外可见光双目系统像素级快速融合方法

红外 可见光双目系统既能感知目标的温度，又能获取目标的颜色、纹理信息，在日常生活和工业产生中获得较多的应用.红外相机由于和可见光相机成像机制的不同，在标定过程中往往需要使用不同的靶标.本文提出了一种红外 可见光双目系统像素级的快速标定融合方法，通过设计了一种圆孔形靶标，实现了一步法标定，在可见光相机像素坐标系下像素质心标定精度小于1个像素，可用于大批量的低成本的民用红外标定产品系统.     

镍基合金钼元素可见光谱数字化分析技术研究

使用可见光谱数字化自动分析系统对镍基合金中Mo元素可见光谱进行了分析测定,研究了镍基合金中Mo元素的Mo550.65nm和M588.83nm分析谱线组的特征,探索了镍基合金中Mo元素的数字化分析技术.结果可用于镍基合金中Mo元素的定性、定量分析和牌号鉴别.     

Evaluation and analysis on positioning performance of BDS/QZSS satellite navigation systems in Asian-Pacific region

By using the observation data and products of precise obit and clock offset from Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) of the International GNSS Service (IGS) and GNSS Research Centre, Curtin University in this paper, the positioning performance of BDS/QZSS satellite navigation system has been analyzed and evaluated in aspects of the quantity of visible satellites, DOP value, multipath effect, signal-to-noise ratio, static PPP and kinematic PPP. The analysis results show that compared to BDS single system when the cutoff angle are 30°and 40°, the DOP value of BDS/QZSS combined system has decreased above 20%, and the quantity of visible satellites increased about 16–30% respectively, because of the improved spatial geometric configuration. The magnitude of satellite multipath effect of BDS system shows the trend of MEO?>?IGSO?>?GEO, which is consistent with that of QZSS satellite system, as the constellation structure of the two systems is similar. The variation tendencies of signal-to-noise ratio with respect to elevation angle of the two systems are almost the same at all frequencies, showing that at the same elevation angle the signal-to-noise ratio of MEO satellites is higher than that of IGSO satellites, as the higher obit is the lower transmitting power is obtained. For having a specially designed obit, the variation of signal-to-noise ratio of BDS system is more stable. However, the magnitude of signal-to-noise ratio of QZSS system appears the trend of frequency 3?>?frequency 2?>?frequency 1. The static PPP performance of the BDS/QZSS combination system has been improved more significantly than the BDS single system in E, N and U directions. When the cutoff angle are at 7°, 15° and 30°, the PPP accuracy is increased about 25–34% in U direction, 10–13% and 23–34% in E and N directions respectively. When the elevation angle is large (40°), compared to BDS single system at lower elevation angles (7° and 15°) the PPP accuracy of the BDS/QZSS combination system is improved above 30% in U direction. In kinematic PPP performance, compared to BDS single system, the accuracy, availability and reliability of the BDS/QZSS combination system has been improved too, especially at large elevation angles (30° and 40°), the kinematic PPP accuracy in E and U directions has been improved about 10–50%, and above 50% in U direction. It can be concluded that the combination with QZSS system can improve the positioning accuracy, reliability and stability of BDS system. In the future, with the improvement of the satellite construction of Japan’s QZSS system and the global networking of China’s BDS satellites, the QZSS satellites will contribute greatly to improve the positioning accuracy, reliability, availability and stability of GNSS systems in areas such as cities, mountains, densely-packed buildings and severely covered areas in Asian-Pacific region.