Substitution of satellite-based land surface temperature defective data using GSP method

Land surface temperature (LST) as an important environmental variable provides valuable information for earth environmental system modelling. Currently, LST is obtained through satellite thermal sensors at various spatial and temporal resolutions. Although spatially continuous satellite-based LST measurements are intended to overcome the shortcomings of sparse ground-based LST measurements, LST images often contain anomalous values due to the existence of clouds or sensor malfunctioning. The problem becomes more serious where the users deal with high spatial resolution characterized by low temporal resolution. This study examines the capability of a newly developed graph signal processing (GSP) method using two-dimensional single-date thermal data. For this purpose, four Landsat/TIRS datasets are analyzed. The data of five elliptical regions on thermal images are eliminated and then reconstructed through the GSP method and using the LST values of the enclosing rectangles containing the ellipsoids. The results indicate that the temperature variation determined by the GSP method generally conforms to the original image LST values. According to a correlation test conducted on the original image LST and those obtained through the GSP method, the values vary from 58% to 95%, which is an above-the-average rate (RMSE from 0.69 to 2.27). The statistical analysis of the original image LST in both the elliptical regions and the enclosing rectangles containing the ellipsoids indicates that an increase in the variance of LST data causes an increased error in the calculation of temperature by the GSP method, and vice versa. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test indicated that an increase in the number of the non-zero spectral bins would result in increased RMSE values for all the dates and the regions. Moreover, the model errors were significant at the 0.05 level across all the image date and five elliptical study regions. Based on the results, the use of this method is recommended for the reconstruction of LST missing values, where dissimilarity of atmospheric conditions limits the use of other methods that depend on the time series data of various dates and a great deal of data calculation.     

胶州湾环境污染—卫星遥感信息分析

陆地卫星主题绘图仪(TM)图象和我国国土普查卫星全景相机照片解译分析与现场调查表明,胶州湾东岸工业废水污染相当严重,主要污染源集中在海泊河、李村河、娄山河以及沧口区沿海一线,污染水带宽达4～7km,在落潮流携带下扩散至湾口外海。由青岛碱厂排污形成的“白滩”污染区现有面积为0.53km~2。青岛市大气污染严重,源自市区的烟羽宽达14km,顺风飘逸远达30km,势必造成酸雨等灾害。     

Developing countries and remote sensing: how intergovernmental factors impede progress

Developing countries lag significantly behind more advanced nations in the local adoption and application of satellite remote sensing technology. Narrowing this gap through appropriate international cooperation is, however, often constrained by national interests and priorities. The paper presents an overview of several of these inter-governmental constraints using as its main basis the outcomes of recent regional and international conferences hosted by the United Nations. Future enhancement of international cooperation in remote sensing will occur best within settings where both developing and technologically advanced countries are sensitive and responsive to each other's concerns.     

星载遥感图像压缩编码技术综述

星载遥感图像压缩是星载遥感技术的瓶颈之一。文中简要分析遥感图像压缩的现状、基本要求和核心技术 ,并着重讨论三种优秀遥感图像压缩算法。最后提出对未来遥感图像编码的研究建议     

一种基于移步预测消除脉冲串扰的快速算法

以毫米波主被动复合探测器为工程应用背景,通过分析信号的特点,提出一种基于移步预测思想的快速算法来消除脉冲调制信号对被动通道信号的串扰。仿真分析和实验结果表明,该方法对改善信噪比效果明显,而且具有成本低、速度快和易于工程化实现的优点。     

20世纪中国的航天返回与遥感

介绍了中国在20世纪发射的返回式航天器和光学型对地观测类卫星、研制成功的航天光学遥感器和建成的卫星对地观测信息应用系统 ,展示了中国在航天返回与遥感领域取得的进展     

天地一体化遥感信息应用网络体系的发展

随着世界各国发射入轨的航天器的增多 ,由多种遥感卫星系统组成的 ,包括地面应用系统在内的天地一体卫星应用网络体系即将形成。文章介绍了国外天地一体化网络系统建设方面的现状与趋势 ,分析了天地一体化遥感信息应用网络体系的特点 ,并指出了中国建设天地一体化遥感应用网络体系的必要性     

从国外航天遥感器系统的发展现状中得到的启示

文中对德国、法国、印度和美国航天光学遥感器研制情况的一个侧面进行了简述。从中可了解到其发展态势,即朝着大型综合性系统、小卫星系统以及各种卫星的综合协作方向发展。文中着重就综合性、组合式系统的特点稍展开分析。值得提出的是,多相机组合以多种模式选择功能以及任务使命排序工作,有时又可以“大像元”形式工作,这种设计可以解决数传或图像数据记录能力的不足,能完成多种、多类用户的要求。     

ZN3火箭姿态测量用太阳角计

本文给出了用于ＺＮ３火箭姿态测量太阳角计的原理和测量结果，讨论了背景抑制和标定方法，分析了误差来源。该仪器采用选取适当探测波段和比值测量方法较好地消除了地外太阳辐照和大气消光的影响，也有效地抑制了背景辐射的干扰，大大提高了测量精度。实测结果表明，火箭姿态角测量的均方根误差约为０．７°。这一方法适用于各种自旋稳定飞行器的姿态测量。     

卫星遥感数据的浏览查询技术

遥感卫星图像数据的预处理包括数据编目、存档管理、浏览查询和产品生产等部分。其中，浏览查询是向遥感数据的用户提供查询和检索卫星原始数据各级产品数据的手段，浏览查询系统的功能和性能直接影响到遥感数据的使用效率。本文介绍了新一代高码速率遥感卫星地面数据处理中浏览查询系统研制的主要技术。本文所研究的浏览查询技术已成功的运用到资源二号遥感卫星地面站的数据处理系统中。本文论述的数据处理技术将为其它遥感卫星地面数据处理系统的研制提供重要的帮助。