任务期间考虑故障件报废无补给下的多级装备可用度评估

针对任务期间普遍存在的故障件报废问题,提出了一种适用于多等级多层级航空装备的可用度近似评估方法。首先通过忽略维修和运输时间将存在报废率的可修件等效为消耗件,然后分别通过后方保障中心对飞行基地备件量的分配以及下层级部件对上层级部件备件量的折算,将多等级多层级备件模型转化为单等级单层级模型,最后利用伽马分布的可加性得到整个保障系统的装备可用度。在实际算例中,通过与仿真结果的对比得出:当维修和运输时间较小或飞行基地备件配置充足时,本文提出的近似评估方法具有较高的精度。     

Mechanical behavior and properties of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites for high temperature use

Ceramics can keep their mechanical characteristics up to 2 000℃ or higher.In this paper,A model to predict ultimate strength of continuous fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composites is developed.A statistical theory for the strength of a uni-axially fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composite is presented.Also a semi-empirical frictional heating method for estimating in-situ interfacial shear in fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites was improved.Local uneven fiber packing variation as well as uneven micro-damage during fatigue can be expected to have effects on the composites:generation of frictional heating,thermal gradients,and residual stresses around local fiber breaks.This study examined those engineering interests by the finite element method.      

多指标约束下考虑报废的可修复备件携行方案优化

针对任务期间普遍存在的故障件报废和备件多指标约束问题,提出了多层级装备的可用度近似评估方法及携行备件方案优化方法。首先通过忽略维修时间将考虑报废率的多层级可修件转化为单层级消耗件,进而利用伽马分布的可加性建立装备可用度评估模型。在此基础上以装备可用度、备件总质量为约束指标,以备件总体积最低为目标构建多约束备件优化模型。模型求解过程中引入拉格朗日因子,并采用边际算法对约束因子进行动态调整。算例中通过与仿真结果的对比、分析得出：当维修时间取值在部件等效平均寿命的一半以内时,提出的近似方法合理可行,平均误差小于5%。     

由泄洪水流引起的水舌风现象的数值模拟分析

本文采用细网格非静力能量闭合边界层模式，对水电站大坝泄洪过程中水舌风的生成演变发展过程进行数值模拟。水电站开闸泄洪时，高速水流对气流瞬时的强大冲量作用在坝后形成一个风速较大区，随着高速水流趋向稳定，采用两种模拟方案对水舌风的发展演变过程进行进一步模拟。方案一，通过水气动量交换作用，水流对气流的拖曳力仅来自于大坝溢流面；方案二，拖曳力来自于溢流面及溢流面与消力池接口面。对模拟结果进行分析，发现不考虑水舌风效应时，坝体下风方向出现上下两个方向相反的微弱涡旋；当考虑水舌风作用时，高速水流的瞬时强大冲量作用在坝后形成一个风速较大的逆时针涡旋；水流趋向稳定后，两种方案进行模拟的结果与不考虑水舌风时相比，两个涡旋均得到加强，尤其是处于下面的溢流面处的逆时针涡旋。     

无人机发动机空中停车故障机理研究

针对某型现役无人机活塞发动机飞行中出现的空中意外停车故障,从发动机停车控制原理出发分析其故障机理,构建发动机空中意外停车故障树,并用实例予以验证,为无人机发动机故障的空中应急处置和事后维修提供可行性建议。     

超声速条件下多体干扰与分离试验研究

采用根据国外公开文献设计的类CAV模型,在0．6m×0．6m 跨/超声速风洞中开展了多体干扰与分离网格测力试验研究,初步获得了典型多体飞行器分离过程中的气动特性变化规律。试验结果表明,载荷模型气动特性受分离位置变化影响非常明显。载荷模型沿轴向分离时,气动力（矩）逐步接近自由流中气动力（矩）值,载荷模型法向位置改变会引发其气动力（矩）值发生更为剧烈的变化。引发这种现象的原因有两个：一是尾迹和头激波的发展改变了不同轴向位置处载荷模型的表面流态,从而影响了其气动特性;二是母机模型底部流动具有明显的非对称膨胀特征,不同法向位置处流速大小和方向差异明显,导致载荷模型气动特性随法向位置变化更为剧烈。     

Assessment of improvement of the IRI model over Ethiopia for the modeling of the variability of TEC during the period 2013–2016

This paper discusses the monthly and seasonal variation of the total electron content (TEC) and the improvement of performance of the IRI model in estimating TEC over Ethiopia during the solar maximum (2013–2016) phase employing as reference the GPS derived TEC data inferred from four GPS receivers installed in different regions of Ethiopia; Assosa (geog 10.05°N, 34.55°E, Geom. 7.01°N), Ambo (8.97°N, 37.86°E, Geom. 5.42°N), Nazret (8.57°N, 39.29°E, Geom. 4.81°N) and Arba Minch (6.06°N, 37.56°E, Geom. 2.62°N). The results reveal that, in the years 2013–2016, the highest peak GPS-derived diurnal VTEC is observed in the March equinox in 2015 over Arba Minch station. Moreover, both the arithmetic mean GPS-derived and modelled VTEC values, generally, show maximum and minimum values in the equinoctial and June solstice months, respectively in 2014–2015. However, in 2013, the minimum and maximum arithmetic mean GPS-derived values are observed in the March equinox and December solstice, respectively. The results also show that, even though overestimation of the modelled VTEC has been observed on most of the hours, all versions of the model are generally good to estimate both the monthly and seasonal diurnal hourly VTEC values, especially in the early morning hours (00:00–03:00?UT or 03:00–06:00?LT). However, it has also been shown that the IRI 2007 and IRI 2012 versions generally perform best in matching the diurnal GPS derived TEC values as compared to that of the IRI 2016 version. In addition, the IRI 2012 version with IRI2001 option for the topside electron density shows the highest overestimation of the VTEC as compared to the other options. None of the versions of the IRI model are proved to be able to capture the effects of geomagnetic storms.     

涡轮增压固体冲压发动机热力循环分析

针对未来导弹对推进系统高比冲、宽马赫、大空域的要求,将空速域宽广的空气涡轮火箭(ATR)和比冲性能好的固体火箭冲压发动机(SPR)进行集成,提出了涡轮增压固体冲压发动机(TSPR)的概念,对其进行热力循环分析,验证此组合概念发动机的原理可行性,建立了其热力循环分析模型.利用该模型在典型弹道上对ATR、SPR和TSPR的...     

飞翼无人机进舰下滑纵向固有模态特性研究

针对舰载飞翼布局无人机与常规布局飞行器不同的气动外形,建立无人机飞行状态下附近流场的网格模型,并计算了该型无人机的气动参数。基于插值函数计算得出该型无人机的升力系数、阻力系数和俯仰力矩系数对于迎角变化的曲线。建立纵向小扰动方程进行仿真计算,求解出该型无人机在进舰下滑状态时的固有模态特性。计算结果表明,该模型在配平条件下可用于舰载飞翼布局无人机的着舰气动适配性研究。     

有侧风时某验证机着陆品质分析

以刚体系动力学理论为基础,建立飞机、起落架六自由度全量非线性方程,根据有侧风时着陆过程中驾驶员的操纵特点,提出比较符合实际情况的操纵逻辑,以及用3个单轴操纵的驾驶员模型,通过采用分时采集、分时处理飞行状态信息和分时操纵的方式,将它们有机地综合成~个同时做三轴操纵时的驾驶员模型。最后,对所建立的人-机闭环系统模型编制了相应的仿真软件,并对某验证机进行了着陆品质分析,其结果与试飞情况比较吻合。