钼钛锆高温合金的电火花加工工艺研究

针对钼钛锆这一耐高温材料在航天动力系统中的特殊加工需求,开展了电火花加工钼钛锆合金的工艺特性研究.采用DOE的方法,设计了25-1析因试验对放电参数进行筛选,得到对加工效果有显著影响的3个参数;在此基础上设计了响应曲面试验,探讨了包括脉宽、占空比和峰值电流等放电参数对材料去除率和电极相对损耗率的影响,并且拟合得到了材料去除率和相对电极损耗率的推荐公式和响应曲面图.通过分析试验结果表明:(1)材料去除率受峰值电流变化的影响最明显,并且脉宽与占空比呈现一定的交互关系;(2)电极相对损耗率受峰值电流变化影响不明显,受脉宽和占空比变化影响大,而且两者呈现一定的交互关系.     

累积复合轧制TZM合金板的组织与性能

采用粉末冶金法制备出TZM合金烧结坯,并将其轧制成2mm厚板材,在此基础上采用累积复合轧制技术(ARB),完成TZM板四次轧制复合,并对不同道次TZM复合板进行性能测试和组织分析。结果表明:随累积变形量增加,复合板晶粒显著细化、组织分布更加均匀,经过三次累积复合后,材料的抗拉强度和界面结合状态最佳。试样晶粒在轧制过程中被拉长、展宽,晶粒断面直径200～500nm,抗拉强度提高50%,2mm TZM复合板最高抗拉强度可达968MPa;材料断裂特征仍为脆性断裂,伸长率变化不明显,轧制复合板伸长率仅为2.0%。     

钼钛锆合金材料特殊型腔的组合 放电加工方法的研究

钼钛锆合金的耐高温和抗高温高速燃气冲刷等优点,使其被广泛应用为航天发动机控制模块的结构材料,但其高效精密加工一直是应用中的难题.因此,采用线切割及电火花(WEDM+EDM)组合放电加工的工艺,开展了钼钛锆材料固体发动机燃气阀特殊型腔加工的组合工艺研究.与传统切削加工相比,该方法具有加工精度高、表面质量好和具备加工复杂型腔的能力;与单一电火花加工相比,具有加工效率高、电极损耗小等优点.通过某型号固体发动机燃气阀的加工试验,采用组合工艺完成了燃气阀体的上下异形面型腔、阶梯异型孔、窄槽和异形盲孔等特殊型腔的高效高精度加工.     

Effect of beam current on microstructures and mechanical properties of joints of TZM/30CrMnSiA by electron beam welding

Electron beam welding experiments of TZM alloy and 30CrMnSiA steel butt joints were carried out with different beam currents. Microstructures and chemical compositions of typical zones were analyzed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The mechanical properties of the joints were evaluated by tensile strength tests. Besides, nanoindentation tests were carried out to compare the brittleness of the reaction layer and other typical microstructures. The results illustrated that the reaction layer at the interface between fusion zone (FZ) and TZM alloy was the weak position of the joint, which was divided into Fe₂Mo layer and a mixture layer of Fe₂Mo and α-Fe phases. As the beam current increased, the thickness of the Fe₂Mo layer decreased, which resulted in the increasing of the tensile strength of the joints. When the beam current exceeded 24 mA, the formation of the joint was poor with a low tensile strength. When the beam current was 24 mA, the joint presented the highest strength of 191.3 MPa and the joint fractured along the Fe₂Mo layer near the TZM alloy side with a brittle fracture mode.