Microstructure,porosity and mechanical properties of selective laser melted AlSi10Mg

Finite element modeling (FEM), microscopy, X-ray computed tomography (CT) and mechanical property tests were used to study the microstructure, porosity and mechanical properties of an AlSi10Mg alloy produced by selective laser melting (SLM). The simulation of the melt pool and thermal history under different energy densities produced an optimized result with an energy density of 44.5 J·mm⁻³. The high cooling rate during the SLM process significantly refined the previous α-Al dendrites. The growth direction of the network-like Al-Si eutectic structure at different orientations confirmed the anisotropic nature of the microstructure. Furthermore, the microhardness, tensile testing and fracture analysis results proved that there were no obvious distinctions in the strength between the transverse and longitudinal directions, and that the ductility was anisotropic, possibly due to the shape and distribution of the pores. The pores measured by X-ray CT at different energy densities confirmed that the sphericity of the pores was inversely related to pores volumes. With optimized processing conditions, the porosity of the selective laser melted sample decreased leading to the improved fabricated fuel system component via SLM.     

镁合金绿色高效焊接技术研究进展

镁合金是航空航天领域应用最为广泛的轻合金之一.随着镁合金应用的不断深入,对具有高精度、低能耗、高效率特征的绿色焊接技术提出了迫切需求,并成为镁合金焊接制造发展的重要方向.针对上述需求,围绕镁合金激光诱导电弧复合焊接技术,镁合金活性高效焊接技术以及镁合金与异种金属的连接技术展开系统研究.采用激光诱导电弧复合焊接技术成功实现了镁合金低能耗高效焊接制造,与传统电弧焊接相比显著提高了焊接制造效率,降低了焊接制造能耗.采用激光胶焊技术及激光-电弧复合焊接技术实现了镁合金与铝合金及镁合金和钢铁的高性能焊接制造.上述绿色焊接制造技术研究成果为实现航空镁合金轻量化结构件的设计和制造提供了有力支撑.     

镁铝富燃料推进剂燃烧残渣影响因素理论分析

用最小自由能法计算了镁铝富燃料推进剂一次燃烧室产物的成分,分析了凝聚相C、Mg和A l产物含量的变化对燃烧残渣的影响;主要探讨了AP含量、Mg/A l比例、HTPB粘合剂含量、燃烧室压强对凝聚相C、Mg、A l燃烧产物含量的影响。计算结果表明,增加AP含量、设计Mg/A l比小于3/5、减小HTPB粘合剂含量、降低燃烧室压强均能减少凝聚相产物含量,有利于降低燃烧残渣。燃气发生器实验结果表明,Mg/A l比例对燃烧残渣影响的实验数据与理论分析一致。     

孪生对热轧AZ31镁合金中低温变形行为的影响

研究了热轧AZ31镁合金板材中低温变形(室温～573K)时孪生所导致的硬化和软化效果,并结合金相显微技术(OM)和透射电子显微技术(TEM)对相关变形机理及孪生类型进行判断。结果发现,有较强基面织构特征的AZ31镁合金板材在室温～573K变形过程中{10ī1}压缩孪晶起主要作用,同时也存在少量的基面滑移。变形温度越高,变形速率越小,孪晶数量也逐渐减少。中低温变形时AZ31镁合金轧制板材中的压缩孪晶和二次孪晶同时起软化作用与硬化作用,但硬化作用大于软化作用。     

3D-Cf / Mg 复合材料的热残余应力研究

采用随动硬化有限元模型,研究了三维碳纤维增强镁基复合材料(3D-Cf/Mg)基体热残余应力的大小、分布以及不同工艺处理对热残余应力的影响。同时,对复合材料进行了高、低温处理,利用XRD定性分析了处理前后复合材料基体热残余应力的变化。计算结果表明:经过-196℃低温处理后,复合材料基体的平均Mises热残余应力由169.06 MPa减小至55.29 MPa;高温处理后,基体平均热残余应力几乎不变。该结果与实验结果吻合,证明了低温处理能明显降低复合材料基体的热残余应力。     

Ca对Mg-5Al-8Zn-xCa镁合金显微组织与力学性能的影响

采用重力铸造法制备了Mg-5Al-8Zn-x Ca(x=0,1.75,2.0,2.25,2.5,2.75,3.0,wt%)合金。使用XRD、OM和SEM等研究了Ca含量对合金组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:铸态Mg-5Al-8Zn-x Ca合金主要由α-Mg基体、β-Mg17Al12相、Mg32(Al,Zn)49相及MgZn2相和Al2Ca相组成。当Ca含量从1.75wt%增加到2.75wt%时,基体晶粒显著细化,β-Mg17Al12相由粗大的连续网状转变为细小的断续网状分布于晶界上,层片状Al2Ca相也显著细化,此时合金的拉伸强度达到最大值138 MPa,较未加Ca时提高了27.8%;Ca含量继续增加至3.0wt%,晶粒又发生粗化,合金拉伸强度发生下降;拉伸断裂形式均为准解理脆性断裂。     

Mg/Al合金对CMDB推进剂燃烧性能的影响

通过激光粒度仪分析了Mg/Al合金粉的粒径及粒度分布。利用TG-DSC热分析仪分析推进剂的热分解特性。用燃烧实验装置研究了推进剂的火焰结构,并对CMDB,Al-CMDB,Mg-CMDB和Mg/Al-CMDB推进剂四种火焰结构进行比较。用SEM和EDS研究了CMDB推进剂的熄火表面形貌和表面特征组成。结果表明:Mg/Al-CM-DB推进剂在DSC曲线上存在一放热峰660.3℃。Mg/Al合金粉改变了推进剂的燃烧状态,提高金属燃料Al粉的燃烧效率。     

Thermoelectric Properties of Mg2Si1-xSnx Synthesized by Bulk Mechanical Alloying

Bulk mechanical alloying （BMA） has been successfully applied to solid-state synthesis of p-type and n-type thermoelectric materials Mg2Si1-xSnx （x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1） from element-powders at the room temperature in a relatively short time. The electrical conductivity, the Seebeck coefficient and the thermal conductivity of the Mg2Si1-xSnx are quite sensitive to the x-content. With the x-content rising, the electrical conductivity increases. When x = 0.6, it reaches the lowest and Mg2Si shows an n-type of semi-conducting However, when x = 0.2 and T 〉525 K, the Seebeck coefficient of the samples will change the opposite way. While x≥0.4, the samples present a p-type of semi-conducting. The figure of merit, Z of Mg2Si1-xSnx will be obtained in the range from 300 K to 700 K. When x = 0.6, Z proves to be higher than that of other samples at 300 K≤ T≤650 K.     

AZ91D镁合金表面激光等离子复合喷涂Al-Si/Al+Al2O3涂层的研究

利用一种全新的激光等离子同时复合喷涂加工技术,成功在AZ91D镁合金表面制备了Al-Si/Al+Al2O3涂层,并研究了激光功率对涂层结构和性能的影响.利用SEM、光学显微镜法、XRD、显微硬度计等分析测试手段研究了在不同激光功率下的涂层形貌、孔隙率、相组成、显微硬度.结果表明:Al-Si过渡层明显改善了涂层与基体的结...     

热输入对AZ31镁合金FSP试样力学性能的影响

分别利用普通钢制垫板和自制的带有冷水通道的铜制垫板,对AZ31镁合金进行了搅拌摩擦加工。利用光学显微镜(OM)、SEM、显微硬度仪和拉伸设备,研究了被加工件厚度、搅拌头焊接速率和冷却条件对试样搅拌区力学性能的影响。研究表明:试样搅拌区从上层至中层和底层,再结晶晶粒尺寸依次减小。通过减小被加工件厚度、增大搅拌头焊接速率和加快冷却速率等方法,抑制了试样搅拌区晶粒长大。在搅拌头转速和焊接速率分别为800r/min和90mm/min的条件下,得到的搅拌区底部平均晶粒尺寸约为450nm,该区域显微硬度为96HV,与普通钢制垫板制备的试样相比,硬度提高了24HV,其屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率分别提高为原材料的1.27倍、1.6倍和2.2倍。