民用飞机气动力模型建模方法研究

对民机常用的两种气动力建模方法——全机建模法和分部件组合建模法进行了研究,并对两者的优缺点进行了对比分析,进而对两类方法在大型客机气动力建模中的综合运用提出了建议。     

地面效应下前/后掠翼气动特性研究

针对飞行器在地效区飞行时复杂的流场特性,通过求解定常可压N-S方程,改变机翼后掠角和地效区飞行高度,研究不同前/后掠角机翼在地效区内的气动特性。结果表明:在地效区内,随着后掠角的增大,机翼的升力系数和阻力系数呈现先增后减的变化规律,后掠角在0°附近时升力系数达到最大值,阻力系数在10°附近达到最大值;俯仰力矩系数随着后掠角增加而减小;展向流动在后掠角为0°时最小,展向流动随着后掠角增大或减小剧烈变化;机翼下洗角随着后掠角增大而减小,随着离地高度的减小而减小。研究结果可为地效飞行器的概念方案设计和优化提供理论依据。     

侧滑对后掠翼飞机俯仰操纵影响的探讨

运用基础理论，对后掠翼飞机出现侧滑时的地仰状态变化进行分析。文中推导了后掠翼飞机的后掠角在有侧滑时对升力的影响，以及下洗角大小和分布的变化在水平尾翼处引起的俯仰力矩变化。通过时几种飞机的计算和分析比较，说明了后掠角在侧滑中具有提供上仰力矩的作用，从而在理论上解决了大后掠角飞机（如Ｊ—６飞机）出现侧滑时的急剧上仰现象和操纵措施问题，为在飞行中出现偏差进行修正提供了理论依据。对提高飞行员的驾驶技术和保证飞行安全有着积极的作用。     

Numerical study of aerodynamic characteristics of FSW aircraft with different wing positions under supersonic condition

This paper investigates the influence of forward-swept wing(FSW) positions on the aerodynamic characteristics of aircraft under supersonic condition(Ma = 1.5). The numerical method based on Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes(RANS) equations, Spalart–Allmaras(S–A) turbulence model and implicit algorithm is utilized to simulate the flow field of the aircraft. The aerodynamic parameters and flow field structures of the horizontal tail and the whole aircraft are presented. The results demonstrate that the spanwise flow of FSW flows from the wingtip to the wing root, generating an upper wing surface vortex and a trailing edge vortex nearby the wing root.The vortexes generated by FSW have a strong downwash effect on the tail. The lower the vertical position of FSW, the stronger the downwash effect on tail. Therefore, the effective angle of attack of tail becomes smaller. In addition, the lift coefficient, drag coefficient and lift–drag ratio of tail decrease, and the center of pressure of tail moves backward gradually. For the whole aircraft,the lower the vertical position of FSW, the smaller lift, drag and center of pressure coefficients of aircraft. The closer the FSW moves towards tail, the bigger pitching moment and center of pressure coefficients of the whole aircraft, but the lift and drag characteristics of the horizontal tail and the whole aircraft are basically unchanged. The results have potential application for the design of new concept aircraft.     

Downwash modelling for three-lifting-surface aircraft configuration design

This paper introduces a semi-empirical model to predict the downwash gradient at the horizontal tail of a three-lifting-surface aircraft. The superposition principle applied to well established formulations valid for two lifting surfaces is not a reasonable approach to calculate the downwash of a canard-wing-tail layout, and this paper demonstrates that such a basic technique leads to incorrect results. Therefore, an ad hoc prediction model is proposed that considers the combined nonlinear effec...