X-38 integrated aero- and aerothermodynamic activities

The characterisation of the aeroshape selected for the X-38 [Crew Return Vehicle (CRV) demonstrator] is presently being performed as a co-operative endeavour between NASA, DLR (through its TETRA Program), and the European Space Agency (ESA) with Dassault Aviation integrating the aerodynamic and aerothermodynamic activities. The methodologies selected for characterizing the aerodynamic and aerothermodynamic environment of the X-38 are presented.     

亚跨超声速返回舱动稳定特性

在“阿波罗”、“联盟号”和“海盗号”等返回舱与行星探测器研发阶段,动稳定特性严重影响着降落伞系统与控制系统的设计。文章采用风洞自由振动试验方法,研究有/无前端框两种返回舱外形的动稳定特性。试验结果表明：两种返回舱外形动稳定导数的量级在全马赫数范围内都很小,在亚、跨声速,甚至超声速范围均出现动不稳定现象。该现象与返回舱分离区绕流特性密切相关。返回舱的动稳定导数随攻角的起伏变化很大,具有很强的非线性特征。在亚声速和跨声速范围,返回舱的动稳定性呈现明显的极限环振动特性。有/无前端框模型的试验结果对比表明：有前端框模型和无前端框模型动稳定性规律比较接近,但是由于前端框表面绕流影响,无前端框模型的稳定性比有前端框模型要稍差一些。