惯组中光纤陀螺温度漂移的二维插值建模研究

光纤陀螺对温度较为敏感,输出受温度及温度变化率影响严重,在实际工作中需要对温度漂移误差进行建模补偿。传统多项式拟合方法如最小二乘法,无法很好地满足精度要求。因此,首先对光纤陀螺工作原理与温度漂移误差产生原理进行分析,得出光纤陀螺温度漂移误差特性。利用传统多项式模型对不同温度下启动的光纤陀螺进行建模补偿,得到补偿后的精度并不理想。利用新的二维插值模型对上述试验重新进行建模补偿,结果表明二维插值模型明显优于多项式模型,光纤陀螺的零偏稳定性由补偿前的0.0153(°)/h提高到0.0051(°)/h,有利于工程上应用。     

带抽吸二元进气道/隔离段激波串振荡特性

针对抽吸缝作用下激波串非定常振荡的复杂流动问题,采用高速纹影结合壁面动态压力测量的方法,在马赫数6的激波风洞中研究了高马赫数二元进气道/隔离段中激波串的自激振荡特性。隔离段出口不同堵塞度的实验结果表明:在低堵塞度下,隔离段内的分离激波无明显振荡;在中等堵塞度25.3%～32.3%和高堵塞度35.3%～38.2%工况下,隔离段内产生非定常激波串,受到隔离段内预先存在的背景波系以及抽吸缝泄流作用的影响,分别出现大幅度低频振荡和小幅度高频振荡;而当堵塞度超过临界值后,激波串被推出进气道,出现不起动。在大幅度振荡模式中,上壁面大分离区周期性地形成和消失,下壁面的激波串前沿分离激波在抽吸缝后缘到隔离段出口之间大幅度振荡,其振荡主频约为280Hz～480Hz,并且随着堵塞度升高而降低;在小幅度振荡模式中,上壁面始终存在大分离区,下壁面的激波串前沿分离激波在抽吸缝附近小幅振荡,其振荡主频约为900Hz～1800Hz。两种振荡模式均给隔离段壁面带来严酷的脉动压力载荷。     

SABRE预冷器计算模型及其在整机模型中的应用

预冷器的性能对SABRE等预冷组合循环发动机具有重要影响,为实现发动机方案设计阶段预冷器的快速设计与评估,建立了预冷器准二维快速评估模型。将SABRE预冷器的几何结构简化为一个扇环形区域,沿径向和周向将该区域划分为二维节点。应用守恒方程及传热关联式完成单个节点计算,再求解节点矩阵的平衡方程组,计算内外流体特定节点上参数的二维分布,得到预冷器出口参数。将模型嵌入发动机总体性能程序中,实现了发动机设计及非设计点的预冷器性能计算的功能。与文献数据对比结果表明,预冷器模型传热计算误差小于5%,摩擦阻力误差小于10%。整机计算结果显示,Ma0~5范围内,预冷器空气侧温降范围为143K至932K,温降随飞行马赫数升高单调上升。预冷器传热有效度范围为0.896-0.945,空气侧总压恢复系数范围为0.852-0.904。     

Investigation on surface roughness,residual stress and fatigue property of milling in-situ TiB2/7050Al metal matrix composites

For higher efficiency and precision manufacturing, more and more attentions are focused on the surface roughness and residual stress of machined parts to obtain a good fatigue life. At present, the in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites are widely researched due to its attractive properties such as low density, good wear resistance and improved strength. It is of great significance to investigate the machined surface roughness, residual stress and fatigue life for higher efficiency and precision manufacturing of this new kind material. In this study, the surface roughness including two-dimensional and three-dimensional roughness, residual stress and fatigue life of milling in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites were analyzed. It was found from comparative investigation that the three-dimensional surface roughness would be more appropriate to represent the machined surface profile of milling particle reinforced metal matrix composites. The cutting temperature played a great role on the residual stress. However, the effect of increasing cutting force could slow down the transformation from compressive stress to tensile stress under 270 °C. An exponential relationship between three-dimensional roughness and fatigue life was established and the main fracture mechanism was brittle fracture with observation of obvious shellfish veins, river pattern veins and wave shaped veins in fracture surface.     

基于稀疏重构的L型阵列的二维波达方向估计

在L型阵列下,基于稀疏重构提出一种可实现自动角度配对的二维波达方向估计方法。首先,根据两均匀线阵接收数据的互相关矩阵构建二维稀疏线性模型;然后,通过数学变换将该二维模型转换为联合稀疏重构模型之内,通过联合稀疏重构算法分别单独获得信源方位角和俯仰角的粗略估计,并将此信息融入二维稀疏线性模型,大大减少了模型中原子个数,达到降低计算复杂度的目的;其次,从理论上分析了新方法可分辨的信源个数和计算复杂度;最后,通过一系列计算机仿真将新方法与其它子空间类二维波达方位估计方法进行比较,表明了新方法在估计精度上的优越性。     

一种适用于大场景圆迹环扫SAR的改进CS成像算法

在宽测绘带圆迹环扫合成孔径雷达(CSSAR)中,目标斜距表示形式复杂,测绘带内距离徙动(RCM)变化剧烈均给成像处理引入难点。针对上述问题,根据圆迹环扫SAR平台的运动特性,使用高阶逼近的方法建立圆弧曲线模型下的回波信号斜距方程,并以导出的二维频谱高阶近似解析表达式为基础,考虑大场景下的距离徙动空变问题,对空变的斜距历程进行详细的分析,并提出了一种适用于大场景圆迹环扫SAR的改进线性调频变标(CS)成像算法。仿真结果说明,曲线模型的斜距方程精度较高,该算法能够精确校正空变的距离徙动,对较大场景取得了较好的成像效果。     

非均匀来流对新型高超弯曲激波二维进气道的影响

针对一种采用新型压升规律的曲面压缩面所设计的高超弯曲激波二维进气道,利用数值模拟方法研究了6种不同长度平板发展而来的非均匀流对其性能参数的影响,并和两种常规二维进气道吞非均匀来流的能力进行了比较,着重对比了设计Ma数下三种不同压缩形式进气道喉道截面的流场畸变程度。数值模拟结果表明,采用新型压升规律的高超弯曲激波二维进气道性能受来流气流不均匀性的影响较小,且喉道截面的流场畸变指数小,对非均匀来流具有一定的校正作用。     

基于微动调制的间歇采样转发干扰研究

文中提出了一种基于微动调制的间歇采样转发干扰方法,其基本思想是：干扰机对接收到的雷达信号在方位向调制匀速转动附加指数相位增量,在距离向进行间歇采样,再把干扰信号转发给雷达。研究了该干扰方法对合成孔径雷达（SAR）的干扰效果,分析了各关键干扰参数对干扰效果的影响以及干扰功率与干信比,最后进行了基于实测数据的仿真实验。分析表明,该干扰方法具有在距离向和方位向部分相干处理的特点,根据调制的各关键干扰参数的不同可对SAR实现二维欺骗干扰和压制干扰的干扰效果,且相对于常规射频噪声压制干扰而言,有一定的干扰功率优势。     

二元紊流发生器工作性能的研究

本文给出了二元紊流发生器的喉道面积比和扩张角对其性能的影响,并建立喉道调节规律以指导实验者在台架上的操作。还将出口截面上脉动压力的随机统计特性和进气道出口畸变流场中脉动压力的随机统计特性进行了比较。所研究的收敛-扩散管通道形状以二斜面为主,为了探讨这种紊流发生器在产生高紊流度方面的能力,还对三斜面通道进行了实验。实验结果表明,出口截面马赫数在0.5左右时,这种紊流发生器采用二斜面通道的平均紊流度高达5％左右,三斜面通道的平均紊流度高达10％。     

Two-dimensional piston pump: Principle,design, and testing for aviation fuel pumps

Aviation fuel pumps of the future are required to be highly efficient and lightweight. As such, this work presents the designs of various mechanisms and structures of advanced two-dimensional piston pumps for aero-engines, and their universal kinematic design methods are detailed herein. The efficiency of various piston pump prototypes was experimentally tested at various speeds in an open circuit. The experimental results indicate that two-dimensional piston pumps have a volumetric efficiency >91% and a higher power–mass ratio than conventional fuel pumps under all the conditions studied. Furthermore, the structural and material problems encountered during testing can provide a blueprint for further improvement of the design and processing of two-dimensional piston fuel pumps.