网上考试系统的设计与实现

本文讨论了一种新的考试方法———网上考试 ,并讨论了一种基于B/S系统实现网上考试的思路和设计方法 ,并对实现网上考试系统的部分关键技术进行了分析     

Online scheduling of distributed Earth observation satellite system under rigid communication constraints

This paper focused on online scheduling of distributed Earth observation satellite system in a dynamic environment. The objective was to maximize the total profit of the overall system by efficiently coordinating the different satellites with stochastic arrival of urgent tasks, subject to rigid communication and observation time window constraints. We formulated this problem as a single-task, single-robot, time-extended assignment problem with intra-schedule dependency using the multi-robot task assignment taxonomy and formulated the sub-problem after releasing urgent tasks in a mixed-integer linear programming model. We first described the online scheduling algorithm for a single satellite, then we proposed the modified consensus-based bundle algorithm (m-CBBA) and modified asynchronous consensus-based bundle algorithm (m-ACBBA) with synchronous and asynchronous communication, respectively. Compared with initial versions of CBBA and ACBBA, the modified versions added the communication loop prediction phases to efficiently utilize scarce communication opportunities and reduce the communication requirements. Additionally, we introduce two contract net protocol (CNP)-based algorithms for comparison, respectively SingleItem-CNP-based (SI-CNP) algorithm and Batch-CNP-based (BA-CNP) algorithm. Computational experiments indicated that both the total profit and percentage of scheduled urgent tasks achieved by the m-ACBBA and m-CBBA algorithms were much higher than those achieved by both SI-CNP and BA-CNP. Additionally, the number of communications needed by either m-ACBBA or m-CBBA algorithm was lower than that by SI-CNP. When the communication cost in the system is high, the m-CBBA algorithm is preferred because it balances the profit and the required number of communications. When the communication cost is low, the m-ACBBA algorithm is preferred because it achieves high total profit and high percentage of scheduled urgent tasks.     

智能机床的误差补偿技术

误差补偿技术是智能机床精度提高与保持的关键技术之一.分析了国内外机床误差补偿技术研究现状,提出智能机床误差补偿技术总框架;总结了智能机床误差源、误差元素、几何与热误差的误差元素模型及建模方法,以及典型的误差补偿方法;研究了力误差补偿技术、基于零件在线测量的误差综合补偿技术;最后,对未来智能机床误差补偿技术的发展重点进行展望.     

基于滑动时窗策略自适应优化支持向量机的航空发动机性能参数在线预测

针对传统航空发动机性能参数时间序列预测方法存在的不足,提出了基于滑动时窗策略自适应优化支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)在线预测模型。该方法解决了训练样本动态适应性差的特点和老旧数据信息影响预测模型精度的问题。在该方法中,滑动时窗策略实时更新时窗数据训练样本,最终误差预报准则(Final Prediction Error,FPE)自适应地确定嵌入维数,遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)则实时自适应优化SVM建模参数。应用航空发动机排气温度偏差值(Delta Exhaust Gas Temperature,DEGT)数据进行实例验证,结果表明基于滑动时窗策略的自适应GA优化的SVM (GASVM)在线预测模型比传统的GASVM预测模型预测精度有显著提高。进一步分析了预测模型不同时窗宽度对短期预测精度的影响,展示了1步～10步预测的效果,结果表明在线预测模型在不同时窗宽度下短中期(5步以内)预测效果良好且稳定。文中提出的在线预测模型可用于航空发动机性能参数的预测,实现对航空发动机未来性能变化的预警。     

ASW-RTS:一种软件性能数据在线检测方法

在软件健康管理系统中,需要对相关被测构件的性能进行在线检测,从而确定构件的健康状态。针对被测构件的性能衰退检测问题,在AR(p)模型基础上,结合时间序列滚动式算法的准确性,提出了一种具有自适性策略的ASWRTS算法,用于对被测构件革新异常类性能数据的在线检测,提高检测的准确度,并基于该算法设计了构件性能异常数据的在线检测过程。实验结果表明,该算法将检测精度提高了50%左右,能够有效在线检测构件的性能衰退,说明了该算法的正确性和有效性。     

网络试题库与考试系统的设计实现方案

试题库及考试系统的实施是一个较为复杂的系统工程 ,通过对网络试题库及考试系统的分析 ,提出了网试题库及考试系统实现的主要设计方案。     

空天飞行器返回滑翔段在线制导方法

针对空天往返飞行器的返回滑翔段在线制导问题，设计了一种新的滑翔段飞行剖面，实现了滑翔段终端交班高度、位置和倾角约束的自动满足，减少了在线制导算法中需处理的约束数量。推导了滑翔段运动状态、过程约束和性能指标的解析表达式，获得了剩余航程和终端速度间的函数关系。在此基础上，提出了一种双层在线制导方法：内层解析重构飞行剖面，同时通过解析确定路径点来改变剩余航程的变化率，进而对终端交班速度进行控制；外层借助解析表达式，使用粒子群优化算法(PSO)和改进共轭梯度法(CGM)优化飞行剖面，从而满足过程约束和指标要求。最后通过数学仿真验证了方法的正确性。     

吸气式高速飞行器爬升-巡航轨迹在线优化

针对吸气式高速飞行器的大气层内爬升和巡航飞行段,进行了在线轨迹优化设计。与传统的爬升段结合定高定速巡航轨迹形式不同,采用优化的方法得到的轨迹能够保证性能指标的最优性。首先,将轨迹优化问题建模为非线性最优控制问题,控制量包括攻角、倾侧角以及燃油当量比。然后,对问题的非线性进行了处理,将变量进行离散化,得到凸优化问题。分析了飞行器的气动和推力特性,设计了优化变量的初始参考。最后,设计算法的外环迭代策略,将每一次求得的解作为参考轨迹进行下一次迭代计算。数值仿真结果表明,该方法能够解决吸气式高速飞行器爬升巡航段轨迹优化问题,并且求解时间满足在线轨迹优化要求。     

基于温度信号的高速干铣削试验研究

本文应用红外测温系统对高速铣削过程中切削温度的动态变化进行在线监测.给出了铝合金高速铣削过程中不同磨损程度和不同材料的刀具加工时对应的切削温度以及切削温度随切削速度的变化规律,其结论有助于指导铝合金高速铣削加工、优化高速切削工艺.     

Multiple model predictive control of perching maneuver based on guardian maps

Considering the strong nonlinearity of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs) resulting from high Angle of Attack(AOA) and fast maneuvering, we present a multi-model predictive control strategy for UAV maneuvering, which has a small amount of online calculation. Firstly, we divide the maneuver envelope of UAV into several sub-regions on the basis of the gap metric theory. A novel algorithm is then developed to determine the ploytopic model for each sub-region.According to this, a Robust Model Predictive...