金属橡胶减振器在发动机安装时的减振设计研究

通过理论和试验研究,介绍了采用金属橡胶减振器减小飞机由发动机引起的结构振动问题。     

一种直升机粘弹减摆器时域模型参数识别方法

在时域内建立了直升机粘弹减摆器的非线性模型。该模型基于不可逆热力学原理，在线性滞弹性位移场(Anelastic displacement fields，ADFs)模型的基础上，通过一组材料状态变量函数引入了粘弹性材料的非线性特性；文中以硅橡胶为研究对象，在粘弹减摆器实际工作中比较典型的幅值和频率范围内，进行了简谐实验，并通过两位移幅值(0．1cm，0．6cm)的应变／应力滞迟回线直接进行模型参数识别。最后，通过与线化复模量、不同幅值的应变／应力的滞迟回线等实验数据比较，证实了本文模型具有较好的可靠性，为进一步研究直升机粘弹减摆器的性能和带减摆器的旋翼气弹分析奠定了基础。     

Nutation instability of spinning solid rocket motor spacecraft

The variation of mass,and moment of inertia of a spin-stabilized spacecraft leads to concern about the nutation instability.Here a careful analysis on the nutation instability is performed on a spacecraft propelled by solid rocket booster (SRB).The influences of specific solid propellant designs on transversal angular velocity are discussed.The results show that the typical SRB of End Burn suppresses the non-principal axial angular velocity.On the contrary,the frequently used SRB of Radial Burn could amplify the transversal angular velocity.The nutation instability caused by a design of Radial Burn could be remedied by the addition of End Burn at the same time based on the study of the combination design of both End Burn and Radial Burn.The analysis of the results proposes the design conception of how to control the nutation motion.The method is suitable to resolve the nutation instability of solid rocket motor with complex propellant patterns.     

带有等压缓冲器的冲击台

本文介绍了等压式缓冲器及带有等压式缓冲器的冲击台的结构及其工作原理，说明了影响冲击加速度的因素及其调整方法。     

Applications of tuned mass dampers to improve performance of large space mirrors

In order for future imaging spacecraft to meet higher resolution imaging capability, it will be necessary to build large space telescopes with primary mirror diameters that range from 10 m to 20 m and do so with nanometer surface accuracy. Due to launch vehicle mass and volume constraints, these mirrors have to be deployable and lightweight, such as segmented mirrors using active optics to correct mirror surfaces with closed loop control. As a part of this work, system identification tests revealed that dynamic disturbances inherent in a laboratory environment are significant enough to degrade the optical performance of the telescope. Research was performed at the Naval Postgraduate School to identify the vibration modes most affecting the optical performance and evaluate different techniques to increase damping of those modes. Based on this work, tuned mass dampers (TMDs) were selected because of their simplicity in implementation and effectiveness in targeting specific modes. The selected damping mechanism was an eddy current damper where the damping and frequency of the damper could be easily changed. System identification of segments was performed to derive TMD specifications. Several configurations of the damper were evaluated, including the number and placement of TMDs, damping constant, and targeted structural modes. The final configuration consisted of two dampers located at the edge of each segment and resulted in 80% reduction in vibrations. The WFE for the system without dampers was 1.5 waves, with one TMD the WFE was 0.9 waves, and with two TMDs the WFE was 0.25 waves. This paper provides details of some of the work done in this area and includes theoretical predictions for optimum damping which were experimentally verified on a large aperture segmented system.     

带桨间磁流变阻尼器的直升机"地面共振"开-关控制研究

防止直升机出现“地面共振”是直升机研制过程中必须解决的动力学问题。磁流变阻尼器作为可控阻尼器具有结构紧凑、功耗小及输出力大等优点。本文建立了带有桨间磁流变阻尼器的直升机“地面共振”空间模型运动方程,采用开—关(on—off)控制方法来抑制“地面共振”,并进行了仿真计算和控制结果分析。结果表明,采用桨间磁流变阻尼器抑制“地面共振”比粘弹性阻尼器有更好的可控性。     

Experimental investigation on dynamic response of flat blades with underplatform dampers

One test rig with three blades and two Under-Platform Dampers (UPDs) is established to better understand the dynamical behavior of blades with UPDs. A pre-loaded spring is used to simulate the centrifugal load acting on the damper, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the pressing load. UPDs with different forms, sizes and materials are carefully designed as experimental control groups. Noncontact measurement via a laser Doppler velocimeter is employed and contact excitation which is performed by an electromagnetic exciter is adopted to directly obtain the magnitude of the excitation load by a force sensor mounted on the excitation rod. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the contact status of the contact surfaces, e.g. the pressure-sensitive paper is used to measure the effective contact area of the UPDs. The experimental variables are selected as the centrifugal force, the amplitude of the excitation force, the damper mass, the effective contact area, and the damper material. The Frequency Response Function (FRF) of the blade under different experimental parameters is obtained by slow frequency sweep under sinusoidal excitation to study the influence of each parameter on the dynamic characteristics of the blade and the mechanism analysis is carried out combined with the experimental results.     

带金属橡胶油膜环的自适应挤压油膜阻尼器非协调响应研究

为改善挤压油膜阻尼器(SFD)油膜力高度非线性的不足,提出了一种带金属橡胶油膜环的自适应挤压油膜阻尼器(ASFD/MR),对ASFD/MR和SFD抑制非协调响应的能力进行了对比,研究表明:ASFD/MR能够更好的抑制转子系统的非协调响应,具有更好的减振效果.      

自适应挤压油膜阻尼器减振机理研究

提出了一种带有金属橡胶外环的自适应挤压油膜阻尼器ASFD/MRR(Adaptive Squeeze Film Damper with Metal Rubber outer-Ring),它利用环形金属橡胶的弹性变形来调整油膜间隙,以达到油膜阻尼器最佳的减振效果,所进行的实验研究表明:对ASFD/MRR减振机理的理论预测和实验结果具有良好的一致性,该阻尼器在优化设计下,油膜间隙可以得到良好的控制,能明显抑制非线性振动现象的发生,具有良好的减振性能.     

Nonlinear dynamic behavior of a flexible asymmetric aero-engine rotor system in maneuvering flight

Aero-engine rotor systems installed in aircraft are considered to have a base motion. In this paper, a flexible asymmetric rotor system is modeled considering the nonlinear supports of ball bearings and Squeeze Film Dampers (SFDs), and the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system under maneuvering flight are systematically studied. Effects of the translational accelerative motions, the angular motions and the pitching flight with combined translational and angular motions on nonlinear dynamic behavior of the rotor system are investigated. The results show that, due to the nonlinear coupled effects among the rotor, ball bearings and SFDs, within the first bending resonance region, responses of the rotor show obvious nonlinear characteristics such as bistable phenomenon, amplitude jumping phenomenon and non-synchronous vibration. Translational acceleration motion of the aircraft leads to axis offset of the rotor system and thus results in the reduction and the final disappearance of the bistable rotating speed region. The pitching angular motion mainly affects rotational vibration of the rotor system, and thus further induces their transverse vibrations. For the pitching flight with combined translational and angular motions, a critical flight parameter is found to correspond to the conversion of two steady responses of the rotor system, in which one response displays small amplitude and synchronous vibration, and the other shows large amplitude and non-synchronous vibration.