无导叶对转涡轮新技术气动设计探讨

由于当供新的歼击机发展的需要,推重比10以上的涡扇发动机的研制势在必行,而对于涡轮部件,采用超跨声、大负荷、低稠度、无导叶、大转折角的对转涡轮方案是一个重大的技术措施。它将大幅度减轻发动机重量,提高推重比。分析了对转涡轮的优点,引出涡轮气动设计,计算方面的新问题和新概念。设计制造出了试验件,建立了对转涡轮试验台。     

涡轮冷却器动态特性研究

从飞机空调的温度控制系统设计的需要出发，首先用理论推导的方法求得涡轮冷却器的动态数学模型的结构形式，然后提出不用理论推导的方法求得涡轮冷却器动态数学模型的模型参数，而用辨识实验的方法求得涡轮冷却器的动态数学模型的模型参数。还推导了辨识的计算公式，论述了辨识实验的方法、步骤和结果。最后提出了涡轮冷却器动态特性的计算方法，并且以欧拉法为例论述了涡轮冷却器动态特性计算的具体公式和步骤。     

低压蒸汽透平排汽缸内能量损失的数值研究

运用三维粘性流场数值模拟软件(Fine/Turbo)对一个低压蒸汽透平排气缸内的复杂流动进行数值模拟,计算结果与已有的实验数据进行了对比.计算得到的排气缸出口截面上的质量平均总压损失为47.8%,实验值为40.9%.数值模拟清晰地显示了排气缸通道内的流场结构是以各种旋涡为主要特征,包括通道涡、分离涡和端壁涡等.其中,通道涡的尺度最大,是造成排汽缸内能量损失的最主要因素.     

Measurements of heat transfer and pressure in a trailing edge cavity of a turbine blade

 An experimental investigation is conducted to obtain the heat transfer and pressure drop data for an integral trailing edge cavity test section that simulates a novel turbine blade's internal cooling passage with bleed holes. Local heat transfer is measured on both the suction and pressure sides by a transient liquid crystal technique, while pressures at six positions are recorded by pressure calibrators. Moreover, flow characteristic and its effect on heat transfer are analyzed for conditions with or without bleed flow. The experimental results show that, in the cases with bleed flow, local heat transfer on the pressure side exceeds that on the suction side in the first and second channels. In the cases without bleed flow, in the first and third channels, local heat transfer on the suction side weakens whilst it increases significantly on the pressure side. For the second channel, non-bleed condition leads to a more balanced heat transfer distribution between the upstream and downstream channel. Besides, after the bleed holes are blocked, heat transfer in the first bend region on the suction side declines sharply, while the opposite phenomenon occurs for the second bend region on the pressure side. In both bleed and non-bleed cases, the total pressure of six measurement positions decreases continuously along the channel at the same Reynolds number and it promotes for higher Reynolds number. Among all the measurement points, under the same flow rate condition, the highest speed occurs at Position 5, which also shows the maximum difference between the total and static pressures. When the bleed holes are blocked, the total pressure at each measurement position appears to increase.     

对转双转子系统径向-轴向耦合碰摩故障仿真

基于一种新型径向-轴向耦合碰摩的对转双转子系统力学模型,利用数值积分方法,对双转子系统由碰摩导致的振动特性进行了仿真研究。分别给出了低压转子单独径向-轴向耦合碰摩、高压转子单独径向-轴向耦合碰摩和高低压转子共同径向-轴向耦合碰摩下的轴心轨迹、幅值谱图和时域波形图。仿真研究结果表明：在低压转子单独发生径向—轴向耦合碰摩且转速比较低时,低压转子节点的时域波形具有一定的拍振效应,随转速比的增加,拍振效应逐渐消失,但高压转子节点的时域波形,在3种转速比下均没有拍振效应;在高压转子单独径向-轴向耦合碰摩转速比较低时,高低压转子节点的时域波形均表现出一定程度的拍振效应,随转速比的增加拍振效应也逐渐消失,但时域波形却变得“复杂化”;在高低压转子共同发生径向-轴向耦合碰摩时,在所有转速比下,高低压转子节点的时域波形均没有表现出拍振效应。     

对转压气机外伸激波对叶顶泄漏流影响

摘要:为了揭示对转压气机下游转子外伸激波对上游转子泄漏流的影响规律,针对上游转子叶顶间隙分别为0.2、0.5、0.8 mm的对转压气机开展了非定常数值模拟研究。研究发现:受下游转子外伸激波掠扫影响,上游转子尾缘附近压力面会形成弱压缩波,且随上游转子泄漏流增强而逐渐减弱;而该外伸激波在上游转子尾缘附近吸力面,会形成与型线切向相垂直的较强压缩波,且其位置基本不受叶顶间隙大小影响;外伸激波使上游转子尾缘附近吸、压力面压差增大,叶顶泄漏流增强,进而导致其损失增大;随着叶顶间隙增大,上游转子叶尖区弦长前半段压力波动的频率,由通道激波转为叶顶泄漏流主导,且呈现减小的趋势,而弦长后半段压力波动的频率主要由外伸激波主导,且基本不变。      

Influence of pre-tension on ballistic impact performance of multi-layer Kevlar 49 woven fabrics for gas turbine engine containment systems

In this paper, ballistic impact tests on wrapped multi-layer Kevlar 49 woven fabric systems were carried out with a flat blade projectile to investigate the impact response during a fan blade out event. The influences of the number of Kevlar layers and pre-tension were discussed particularly. Test results were used to analyze failure modes and energy absorption characteristics of multi-ply Kevlar fabrics. Results show that there are two kinds of impact damage for fabrics: global deformation mainly involving stretching of yarns in the impact region and fabric wrinkle from both sides to the impact zone, and local damage characterized by yarn fracture, yarn pull-out, and yarn unraveling. The energy absorption capability of Kevlar 49 woven fabrics improves with the number of fabric layers. The energy absorbed by multi-layer fabrics increases slightly at the beginning and then decreases substantially with pre-tension. The work in this paper can provide guidance for designing light-weight multi-layer fabrics containment systems.     

对转涡轮基本分析

对于对转涡轮基元级的特性,首先分析不同基元级的负荷特性应以单位叶列平均的负荷能力为准。其次,模拟常规级的经典分析,讨论了对转涡轮基元级的自变变量及定义了不同类型的典型对转涡轮基元级,按此可以很简明地得出它们在不同转速比下的负荷特性。同时,还初步比较了对转级与常规级的基元级效率。由此可见,对转涡轮的单位叶列负荷系数可比常规级有成倍的增长而且有更高的效率。     

叶片间相角对蒸汽轮机叶片颤振的影响

蒸汽轮机叶片的气动力衰减和叶片间相位角存在密切关系, 叶片间相角是决定蒸汽轮机叶片的气动弹性稳定性的重要因素, 应用可考虑叶片间相角变化, 适用于蒸汽轮机失速颤振预测的变形激盘法, 考察了叶片间相角对蒸汽轮机叶片的气弹稳定性的影响。      

反向旋转盘间非稳态换热特性的实验研究

将反向旋转的高低压涡轮盘简化成了几何形状相对简单的反转盘系统。用实验的方法研究了非稳态情况下改变冷气流量和改变两盘转速对两盘温度和盘面平均努塞尔数的影响。结果表明:(1)进气雷诺数是最重要的影响因素,它对换热的影响是瞬时的,雷诺数升高两个盘面的努塞尔数同时增加;(2)在本实验范围内,转速对盘面换热的影响有限,而且它只影响转速变化的盘的表面换热而对对面的盘没有明显的影响。