SAR图像斑点噪声抑制技术的定量评估研究

合成孔径雷达SAR得到广泛的应用和研究,因此SAR斑点噪声抑制技术也受到了普遍关注。各种斑点滤波器的技术途径各不相同,对斑点噪声的抑制效果也就各不相同。文中在研究SAR图像基本特性和国内外现有的斑点滤波器的基础上,参照相关SAR图像质量指标,提出定量评估SAR图像斑点抑制技术的指标体系,给出各指标在实际应用中的测量方法。计算机仿真结果证明了指标的有效性。     

传输型光学遥感器斜模式采样新方法研究

文章介绍了实现超模式采样焦平面3种解决方案面临的技术难点，为避开器件问题提出了一种新的斜模式采样方法。以任意两维周期采样理论为基础分析了斜模式采样技术的物理原理，并通过实验手段验证了斜模式采样技术的可行性。试验结果表明：改变探测器推扫方向的采样间距符模式采样技术可以提高传输型光学遥感器图像的空间分辨率，该技术相对于超模式采样技术，工程实现上要简单。     

锥体目标空间进动特性分析及其参数提取

空间进动是弹道导弹中段飞行过程中锥体目标特有的运动特性，本文首先建立了锥体目标空间进动数学模型，给出了姿态角与空间进动参数的关系式，并利用进动参数获取了反映目标质量分布特性的惯量比。然后通过对目标RCS回波数据进行多项式拟合，估计进动参数，以此为雷达目标识别提供新的技术思路。仿真实验结果表明本文提出的算法能够有效估计出目标的进动角。     

基于多体分析的对接机构结构锁动力学仿真研究

分析了周边式空间对接机构结构锁的执行机构的特点，以及运用现有动力学分析软件解决此问题的困难；继而采用多体动力学建模方法，建立了结构锁执行机构的动力学模型，并针对本模型的特殊性采用了变步长的广义坐标分块求解算法；最后通过求解模型得到了机构的动力学特性曲线，证明了滚珠丝杆和弹簧复合机构作为结构锁执行部件是可行的．     

含多部位损伤搭接结构应力强度因子三维有限元分析

应力强度因子(Stress intensity factor,SIF)分析是含多部位损伤(Multiple site damage,MSD)结构剩余强度和裂纹扩展寿命预测的基础和关键。考虑接触与摩擦,建立了含MSD搭接结构的三维有限元模型,研究了不同裂纹长度、铆钉类型以及损伤模式下裂纹尖端SIF分布情况和变化规律。结果表明,搭接件孔边裂纹Ⅰ型SIF起主导作用,Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型SIF可忽略不计。由于次弯曲、铆钉变形和板厚度等因素,SIF在外表面最小,接触面一侧较大,最大值多位于蒙皮内部。MSD会使裂纹间的干涉作用增强,SIF增大,且裂纹间距离越近干涉作用越强。裂纹长度相同时,埋头铆钉的孔边裂纹SIF积分均值大于平头铆钉,且接触面的SIF埋头铆钉大于平头铆钉,外表面则相反。     

A regional tropospheric model for airborne GPS applications

A regional tropospheric model can be constructed using surveys from GPS ground networks. Using this model the tropospheric delays of a kinematic station within the region can be interpolated. However, such a model is generally not suitable for an airborne platform high above the ground networks. In this paper, a method of constructing a regional tropospheric model for airborne GPS applications is described. First, the kinematic station in the air is projected onto the ground. Then the tropospheric delays at projected point are interpolated from those of the ground networks. Finally, the tropospheric delays at projected point are extended upward to the airborne platform using pressure and temperature gradients and humidity exponential function. For validation of this method, the data of airborne campaign carried out by BKG in cooperation with GFZ and BGR 2008 in the northern Alps are used. The results show that GPS kinematic positioning precision in height component can be improved using this method.     

钉头型式对复合材料层合板机械连接强度的影响

通过3种不同铺层比例的复合材料层合板机械连接接头的挤压强度测试，研究了钉头型式对复合材料层合板机械连接挤压力学性能的影响，获得了沉头螺栓挤压强度修正系数。试验数据表明：采用沉头螺栓的复合材料机械接头 的挤压强度，可达到采用凸头螺栓的复合材料机械连接挤压强度的90%左右，但接头刚度仅为采用凸头螺栓的复合材料接头刚度的40%~50%。研究采用Hashin失效准则和Tan-Camanho损伤扩展方法，对两种钉头型式的复合材料层合板机械连接接头的挤压失效过程进行了有限元分 析，预测了复合材料层合板机械连接接头的偏移挤压强度和极限挤压强度，模型预测值与试验值的误差不超过15%。     

Spatial approaches to moons from resonance relative to invariant manifolds

In this study, the final approach to a moon or other body from resonance is explored and compared to the invariant manifolds of unstable periodic orbits. It is shown that the stable manifolds of planar Lyapunov orbits can act as a guide for the periods or resonances that are required for the final approach in both the planar and spatial problems. Previously developed techniques for the planar problem are expanded for use with resonances and used for comparison with trajectories approaching a moon from these resonances. A similar technique is then used for exploring the relationship of invariant manifolds to approach trajectories in the spatial problem. It is shown that the invariant manifolds of unstable periodic orbits provide insight into the trajectory design, and they can be used as a guide to the more direct approach trajectories.     

Dynamics of a spacecraft and normalization around Lagrangian points in the Neptune–Triton system

The problem of a spacecraft orbiting the Neptune–Triton system is presented. The new ingredients in this restricted three body problem are the Neptune oblateness and the high inclined and retrograde motion of Triton. First we present some interesting simulations showing the role played by the oblateness on a Neptune’s satellite, disturbed by Triton. We also give an extensive numerical exploration in the case when the spacecraft orbits Triton, considering Sun, Neptune and its planetary oblateness as disturbers. In the plane a × I (a = semi-major axis, I = inclination), we give a plot of the stable regions where the massless body can survive for thousand of years. Retrograde and direct orbits were considered and as usual, the region of stability is much more significant for the case of direct orbit of the spacecraft (Triton’s orbit is retrograde). Next we explore the dynamics in a vicinity of the Lagrangian points. The Birkhoff normalization is constructed around L₂, followed by its reduction to the center manifold. In this reduced dynamics, a convenient Poincaré section shows the interplay of the Lyapunov and halo periodic orbits, Lissajous and quasi-halo tori as well as the stable and unstable manifolds of the planar Lyapunov orbit. To show the effect of the oblateness, the planar Lyapunov family emanating from the Lagrangian points and three-dimensional halo orbits are obtained by the numerical continuation method.     

Investigations into sensing characteristics of circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors for gas path monitoring

Circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors are promising in gas path monitoring due to their advantages of non-intrusiveness and easy installation. The spatial sensitivity and filtering effect are two important performance parameters. In this paper, an analytically mathematical model of induced charge on a circular thin-plate electrode is first derived. Then the spatial sensitivity and filtering effect of the circular electrostatic sensor are investigated by numerical calculations. Finally,experimental studies are performed to testify the theoretical results. Both theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors act as a low-pass filter in the spatial frequency domain, and both the spatial filtering effect and the temporal frequency response characteristics depend strongly on the spatial position and velocity of the charged particle. These conclusions can provide guidelines for the optimal design of circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors.