中国文化产业进入东盟市场的可行性

中国与东盟各国的人文背景相通,民族语言互通,在宗教信仰上相同或相似,生计方式互补,文学艺术相互渗透.若借助上述有利的人文条件,可以顺利地将中国文化产业推向东南亚各国,获得可观的经济效益.困难之处在于上述各国大多存在着较为尖锐的民族对立,政治体制与宗教政策差异较大,展开此类商贸活动,很难获得各国官方的认可和全力支持.此外,上述各国对中国侨民的政策差异甚大,一些国家对华侨抱有偏见.因此,最好采用民间文化交流方式或通过私营企业渠道推进我国文化产业发展.     

Precursor to an African Space Agency: Commentary on Dr Peter Martinez “Is there a need for an African Space Agency?”

In 2012 a working group was established to formulate the African space policy and strategy which would lead to the establishment of an African Space Agency (ASA). Dr Peter Martinez asserts in his article “Is there a need for an African Space Agency?” [1] that the arguments that have been posited in support of an ASA are flawed; namely the arguments of the existing example of the European Space Agency (ESA), and that an ASA would lead to fostering competition, synergy, industrial development and capacity building. While this viewpoint agrees that all the perfect conditions may not exist at present for the creation of an ASA, it addresses some of the issues raised by Martinez, and proposes ideas to foster intra-regional cooperation.     

从比较优势论和竞争优势论的内在联系看发展中国家主导产业的选择

从比较优势论和竞争优势论内在联系出发 ,从理论和现实两个方面分析了发展中国家不应盲目选择高新技术产业作为主导产业 ,也不能单纯依靠发展传统产业 ,而应该促进两者的有机结合 ,形成一个互促互进的动态良性循环之势 ,逐渐实现产业结构的升级换代。     

Cubesats: Cost-effective science and technology platforms for emerging and developing nations

The development, operation, and analysis of data from cubesats can promote science education and spur technology utilization in emerging and developing nations. This platform offers uniquely low construction and launch costs together with a comparative ubiquity of launch providers; factors that have led more than 80 universities and several emerging nations to develop programs in this field. Their small size and weight enables cubesats to “piggyback” on rocket launches and accompany orbiters travelling to Moon and Mars. It is envisaged that constellations of cubesats will be used for larger science missions. We present a brief history, technology overview, and summary of applications in science and industry for these small satellites. Cubesat technical success stories are offered along with a summary of pitfalls and challenges encountered in both developed and emerging nations. A discussion of economic and public policy issues aims to facilitate the decision-making process for those considering utilization of this unique technology.     

关于发展中国家跨国公司理论的研究现状

通过对英国经济学家邓宁、拉奥和美国经济学家威尔斯等人关于发展中国跨国公司理论的综述，阐述了发展中国家的经济发展水平与跨国公司直接投资的关系，以及经济落后国家的企业如休拥有竞争优势等问题。     

经济全球化所带来的挑战

经济全球化是生产力持续发展和交换规模不断扩大的必然结果，从经济全球化的历史发展进程入手，对它给后发展国家及中国带来的挑战作出几点分析。     

科技在公共安全保障中的应用及启示——基于与发达国家的比较

公共安全保障目标的实现既需要实施有效的公共安全管理,更需要公共安全科技的正确应用。审视发达国家的公共安全管理,可以看到,发达国家十分重视科技在公共安全管理中的作用。我国政府应借鉴其有益的经验,实施公共安全优先战略,提高对公共安全的科学认知,为公共安全提供技术支持,建立健全信息共享的公共安全科研体制。     

我国县域工业发展与科技创新关系研究

工业是县域经济发展的重要支撑性部门,在县域经济发展中具有举足轻重的地位。无论是从制度基础、产业基础还是从工业自身性质上看,我国县域工业十分有利于科技创新,也需要依靠科技创新的支持。随着中国新型工业化的发展,大城市和特大城市将集中发展规模巨大的资本密集型和技术密集型产业,劳动密集型产业和资源开采类产业将更多地集中于县域地区。如果没有科技创新的相应跟进,难免会出现资源利用不充分、环境污染加剧等现象。因此,我国推进新型工业化,难点在县域,潜力也在县域。文章引用一系列实际数据,分析了当前县域工业发展中科技创新存在的不足,并提出了一些促进科技创新的建议。     

Establishing space industry in developing countries: Opportunities and difficulties

Although it is generally agreed that the outer space should be used for the benefit of all mankind, only a fraction of the countries have the necessary technological base for accessing space. Space technology, with its implications on science, economy and well-being of citizens, is mostly chosen as one of the priority areas for technological development by developing countries. However, there is already an over-capacity in global space industry and there are doubts on necessity of additional capacity establishment by developing countries. In this study, the importance and benefits of capacity-building in these countries are emphasized and the advantages and disadvantages that developing countries have in the framework of space technology acquisition are briefly presented. The feasibility of certain levels of space technology is discussed and the necessity of combining existing indigenous capabilities with technology obtained from foreign sources in the optimal way is stressed. We have also mentioned various general mechanisms of technology transfer and argued the importance of licensing in catching-up developed countries. After considering the necessary conditions of efficiency of technology, such as establishment of regional centers of space science and technology education by United Nations, joint development of space systems, complete technology transfer packages, cooperative space projects within regional organizations, coordinated constellations and special agreements with large space agencies, which are specific mechanisms already in use, are reviewed. Some typical examples of mechanisms are also given with special emphasize on small satellite technology that makes access to space affordable for many countries. Through sharing and analyzing the experience of developing countries in their odyssey of space capacity-building, the difficulties can be negotiated and the vicious circles can be broken. This study, in our view, is a step to incite a general discussion of obstacles and opportunities for developing countries, that could help them in using their limited resources effectively, hence, enable them to offer better conditions to their citizens and to contribute space science to a larger extend.     

发达国家城市环境治理的五大措施

城市环境治理是运用法律、经济、行政、技术和教育等各种手段,调控人类生产生活行为,协调城市经济社会发展与环境保护之间关系的一种经济社会管理模式。城市环境治理具有综合性、区域性、群众性与动态性等特征,其本质是通过影响人的行为,转变城市经济发展模式。发达国家在治理过程中,先后采取了环境行政、环境经济、环境立法、环境技术与环境教育等措施,有效地控制了主要污染的肆意蔓延,从根本上改善了环境质量,这些经验及其教训,值得中国学习与借鉴。