高温合金涡轮转子叶片裂纹形成机理

高温合金涡轮转子在经历过多次发动机试车后荧光检查发现叶片根部存在裂纹,对涡轮转子叶片裂纹进行分析。结果表明,涡轮转子叶片裂纹位于叶片根部进出口薄壁区,裂纹的开裂模式为高温疲劳开裂,属于低周疲劳,为寿命型失效。试车过程中转子叶片根部应力集中部位在高温及交变应力的交互作用下,叶尖根部应力集中区域发生蠕变和晶界择优氧化,高温蠕变和沿晶氧化相互促进,导致叶片根部的晶界弱化开裂,形成了疲劳源区,进而在后续工作过程中发生高温疲劳扩展。     

Effects of sintering temperature and time on defect evolution and compression properties of Ti-Al3Ti laminated composites

For metal-intermetallic laminated composites, various types of defects often occur during the preparation process. This paper studied the evolution and formation mechanism of defects,such as pores, tunnel cracks, and delamination cracks in Ti-Al₃Ti laminated composites prepared by vacuum hot-pressing method. Moreover, quasi-static and dynamic compression tests were performed to study the effects of pores and delamination cracks on the compression properties of the composites. The resu...     

SMA 智能复合构件控制裂纹的数值与试验研究

将ＴｉＮｉ形状记忆合金（ＳＭＡ）薄带复合于基体材料内部,利用形状记忆合金的特性,可以控制构件裂纹的扩展。本文介绍了智能复合构件控制裂纹的机理,并利用拟温度载荷法,直接应用现有有限元程序对控制裂纹的ＳＭＡ智能复合构件进行了计算与分析,同时还进行了激光云纹干涉法试验测试。计算和试验结果表明智能复合构件中的记忆合金薄带对构件裂纹有显著的控制效果,同时计算和试验结果的一致性也表明本文的分析方法是可行的。     

Analytical solutions of cracks emanating from an elliptical hole under shear

Based on the complex variable method, the analytical solutions of stress functions and stress intensity factors（SIFs） are provided for the plane problem of two collinear edge cracks emanating from an elliptical hole in an infinite plate under shear. The stress distribution along the horizontal axis is given in graphical forms, which conforms to Saint-Venant＇s principle. The influences of crack length and ellipse shape on the stress intensity factors are evaluated. Comparing the analytical solutions with finite element method（FEM） results shows good coincidence. These numerical examples show that the present solutions are accurate.     

Anti-plane problem of four edge cracks emanating from a square hole in piezoelectric solids

By constructing a new numerical conformal mapping and using the Stroh-type for-mulism, an anti-plane problem of four edge cracks emanating from a square hole in piezoelectric solids is investigated. The explicit expressions of the complex potential function, field intensity fac-tors, energy release rates and mechanical strain energy release rate near the crack tip are obtained under the assumptions that the surfaces of the cracks and hole are electrically permeable and elec-trically impermeable. Numerical examples are presented to show the influences of the geometrical parameters of defects and applied mechanical/electrical loads on the energy release rate and mechanical strain energy release rate under two electrical boundary conditions.     

High cycle fatigue failure with radial cracks in gears of aero-engines

The gears in aero-engines perform energy and motion transfer between the High-Pressure Rotor (HPR) and accessories. Firstly, an occurred fault with radial cracks in the driven gear disk was diagnosed as High Cycle Fatigue (HCF) failure through necessary examinations. Analysis of fault tree and test signals indicated that the fracture was relevant to the swing vibration of the driven gear excited by the unbalance excitation on HPR. Secondly, a corresponding mechanism model was established, in which the gear meshing effect was considered, with lateral and swing vibration mode. The Governing Equations (GEs) and the Finite Element Model (FEM) were established and verified. Then, the modal shapes, harmonic response, and transient response were analyzed, indicating that the swing vibration of the driven gear could be significantly excited by the unbalance on HPR, which induced the cracks in the driven gear disk to extend radially. Furthermore, influences of factors on the unbalance response were obtained, in which the unbalance response appeared local minimum points and maximum points. Meanwhile, 1# and 2# bearing stiffness had rather significant influences on the response. Thus it is efficient to modify them to achieve vibration control.     

叶片裂纹故障的多普勒在线监测技术仿真研究

本文研究了文献[1]介绍的叶片裂纹故障声学多普勒在线监测技术的监测原理;提出了一种新的基于裂纹叶片振动响应波形不对称性的监测方法;编制了这两种方法的计算及信号处理程序。仿真计算证明这些程序是可行的,同时表明,本文建立的新的监测方法在监测有效性、可靠性方面具有优势。      

基于小裂纹断裂力学的冷端盘燕尾槽疲劳全寿命预测技术研究

本文通过对航空发动机冷端盘燕尾槽子构件及其材料钛合金ＴＣ１１ 的小裂纹扩展行为和疲劳的试验研究,燕尾槽子构件小裂纹的应力强度因子权函数解的分析研究,并利用塑性诱导的Ｎｅｗ ｍ ａｎ 裂纹闭合模型,建立起从裂纹开始萌生的燕尾槽槽底疲劳全寿命预测模型。结果表明,该模型预测子构件的疲劳寿命的误差在工程所允许的二倍寿命以内     

新增表面等效作用力模拟固体推进剂裂纹动态扩展

固体推进剂作为线粘弹性材料在裂纹扩展过程中,外力和体力对体系作功的同时,材料的粘性内耗散和断裂表面能释放使体系能量降低。将裂纹扩展新增表面上等效作用力的概念引进有限元中,计算裂纹扩展过程中的应力强度因子和断裂表面能释放对体系应力应变场的影响,从而使得有限元可以模拟计算固体推进剂裂纹的动态扩展过程,解决了固体推进剂非定常燃烧扩展模拟中的难题。     

用非线性分析法研究转子振动故障特征

用非线性分析方法对航空发动机等高速旋转机械常见振动故障:突发不平衡、转子裂纹、静动部件碰摩进行研究。用三维边界元法, 分析含开闭裂纹的转子刚度随转角变化的关系。用作用力模型来模拟动、静部件的碰摩。采用传递矩阵和有限元结合的方法建立系统运动方程。用Wil-son-θ积分法数值求解非线性方程。经过分析, 得出了一些有助于故障诊断的振动特征。