Time-dependent thermal X-ray afterglows from GRBS

Time-dependent thermal X-ray spectra are calculated from physically plausible conditions around GRB. It is shown that account for time-dependent ionization processes strongly affects the observed spectra of hot rarefied plasma. These calculations may provide an alternative explanation to the observed X-ray lines of early GRBs afterglows (such as GRB 011211). Our technique will allow one to obtain independent constraints on the GRB collimation angle and on the clumpiness of circumstellar matter.     

月食过程月表太阳辐照和温度变化模拟

月食对月球轨道探测器的温度有重要的影响,分析月食时月表的太阳辐照和温度,具有重要意义。文章给出了通用的月表温度模型和月食时月表太阳辐照模型,根据某次月食的天文参数,用太阳辐照模型可求出月表任一点在月食时的太阳直接辐照变化过程,代入温度模型可求出任一点的温度变化过程。此模型和方法可用于对任何一次月食的分析,并以2007年8月28日的月食为例,模拟了该次月食的表面太阳直接辐照和温度的变化过程。     

二次包封CMOS器件电子辐照实验研究

对CMOS器件54HCT00进行了复合材料的二次包封，研制了试验电路板，在器件加电工作下进行电子辐照试验的动态测试．结果表明，二次封装的器件抗总剂量的能力提高了1—2个数量级，得到了预期的数据和结果．这些工作为商用器件的空间开拓使用提供了很好的途径．     

Gamma ray bursts: Short vs. long

Short and long GRBs are thought to be two distinct classes based on their different duration and spectrum. Through the spectral analysis of two similarly selected samples of BATSE short and long GRBs, we show that short GRBs are harder than long events, confirming what found from the comparison of their hardness ratio. However, this spectral diversity seems to be due to a harder low energy spectral component of short GRBs, rather than a (slightly higher) peak energy. Interestingly short GRBs have a spectrum which is similar to the spectrum of the emission of the first 1–2 s of long events. We find evidence that short GRBs are inconsistent with the E_peak–E_iso correlation defined by long bursts while they follow the same E_peak–L_iso correlation of long GRBs. These results, coupled to the similar variability timescale of short events and the first seconds of long ones, suggest that a common (or similar) dissipation mechanism could operate in both classes. The difference in the duration would then be due mainly to the central engine lifetime.     

DD6镍基单晶涡轮转子叶片失效分析

为了排除某航空发动机DD6镍基单晶高温合金涡轮转子叶片在室温振动试验中发生的裂纹故障,对故障叶片进行了外观检查、断口分析、表面检查、解剖检查、化学成分分析、金相检查、应力分布计算及热模拟试验,确定了故障叶片裂纹的性质和产生原因.结果表明:涡轮转子叶片裂纹为高周疲劳裂纹,叶片局部区域存在异常的γ'筏排组织是导致该叶片产生早期疲劳开裂的主要原因,且附近区域腐蚀过重及结构上处于应力集中区,也促进了疲劳裂纹的萌生及扩展.针对这些故障,建议优化叶片结构并对腐蚀检查进行严格监控,防止出现γ’筏排组织及腐蚀过重现象,从而避免此类故障再次发生.     

电子辐照对聚乙烯热缩套管力学性能的影响

利用45 keV,1 MeV和2 MeV电子分别对聚乙烯热缩套管进行辐照实验,研究不同能量电子辐照对聚乙烯热缩套管力学性能的影响,并分析电子辐照下材料的损伤效应机理,建立力学性能退化规律。结果表明：实验选定的3种能量电子辐照都会造成聚乙烯的降解,材料脆化产生裂纹,从而导致其力学性能下降;但是由于这3种能量电子穿透深度不同,45 keV电子只能造成聚乙烯热缩套管表层材料损伤,力学性能最大下降量只有30%~40%,而1 MeV和2 MeV电子却会导致套管力学性能完全丧失,力学性能下降接近100%。     

典型CMOS存储器电离辐照效应

对电离辐照环境中典型CMOS存储器的辐照效应进行了研究。分析了SRAM,EEPROM,FLASH ROM存储器在^60Coγ射线辐照及辐照后不同退火过程中,CMOS存储器的集成度、辐照偏置、退火时间和温度与电离辐照效应的关系。结果发现：不加电（冷备份）状态的^60Coγ射线辐照过程中,存储器的逻辑状态翻转出现较正常工作状态推迟1个量级以上;随着集成度的提高,SRAM,EEPROM存储器的辐照敏感度降低;试验器件经不同剂量的^60Coγ射线辐照后在不同温度下退火,所有试验器件均出现了逻辑状态翻转。     

DC Characteristics of Gamma-ray Irradiated SiGe HBT in Comparison with Si BJT

The changes of DC characteristics of SiGe HBT after being submitted to γ-ray irradiation of 700 krad, 7 000 krad and 10 000 krad were compared to those of Si BJT. Generally speaking, Ib and Ib–Ib0 increase with the doses increasing. For SiGe HBT, with the doses increasing, Ic and Ic–Ic0 as well as the related changes of the current gain (β) will decrease at higher Vbe, while for Si BJT, with the doses increasing, after irradiation, Ib and Ic–Ic0 increase; β and its related changes also decrease with their differences, however, tending to be very small at high doses of 7 000 krad and 10 000 krad. Moreover, given the same doses, the decreases of β are much larger than SiGe HBT, which shows that SiGe HBT’s anti-radiation performance proves to be better than Si BJT. Still, in SiGe HBT, some strange phe-nomena were observed: Ic–Ic0 will increase after the radiation of 7 000 krad in less than 0.65 V and as will β in less than 0.75 V. The mechanism of radiation-induced change in DC characteristics was also discussed.     

Two years of INTEGRAL result on X-ray binaries

INTEGRAL is the ESA lead International Gamma-Ray Astrophysical Laboratory, successfully launched the 17th October 2002 from Baikonur with a Proton vehicle. In view of the high sensitivity of the two γ-ray instruments IBIS and SPI and their capability to provide at the same time image, spectra and time profiles of all the sources in their wide field of view, a key project was approved as “Core Programme” to obtain deep observations of the Galactic Centre (GCDE) and to exploit regular scan of the whole Galaxy Plane since the beginning of the mission. This paper will briefly review the main astrophysical results obtained in the field of high energy Galactic sources with the INTEGRAL/IBIS γ-ray Imager onboard INTEGRAL, and make a comparison with the previous scenario depicted by the BeppoSAX and RXTE results.