面向一体化计算的整体式液体冲压发动机建模及性能评估

为发展冲压发动机性能工程预估方法,建立了面向一体化计算的整体式液体冲压发动机性能计算模型,并使其兼容基团贡献算法,提高了拓展性。利用模型分析了冲压发动机在攻角0°～6°、高度0～18km、马赫数2.0～3.5、余气系数1.0～2.9范围工况多维度连续变化下,比冲、推力系数和燃油质量流量的速度-高度特性、高度-节流特性、节流-速度特性以及攻角特性。研究结果表明:性能计算模型可在一体化计算条件下、基团贡献算法允许范围内,不依赖试验数据对冲压发动机性能预估,计算结果与技术参考值相比相对误差均小于14%。推力系数和比冲具有基本一致的速度-高度特性和相似的高度-节流特性,受燃气组分影响,推力系数和比冲的节流-速度特性差异明显。燃油质量流量的变化规律不同于比冲和推力系数,在进入平流层后呈现折缓趋势,而呈现连续性,速度越大、高度越低、余气系数越小,燃油质量流量越高,反之则越小。引入攻角以后,攻角越大,比冲和推力系数越低,进气道起动马赫数越高;攻角-起动马赫数曲线小范围内近似线性,攻角超过5.6°非线性加剧。     

Time Sequence Change-Point Model of Electrostatic State Parameters of Aircraft Engine

Electrostatic monitoring technology of particle charging information can facilitate online monitoring of aero-engine,which effectively enhances engine fault diagnosis and health managements.Unlike traditional engine state monitoring technologies,aircraft engine monitoring by gas path electrostatic monitoring not only covers the predicted information source itself,but also detects the information that can provide an early warnings for initial fault states through gas path charging levels.This paper establishes a non-stationary time sequence change-point model for anomaly recognition of electrostatic signals based on change-point theory combined with difference method of non-stationary time series.Finally,electrostatic induction data were utilized by the engine life test for a particular aircraft to validate the proposed algorithm.The results indicate that the activity level and the event rate were0.5—0.8(nc)and 50%,respectively,which were far greater than 4—12(pc)and 0—4% under normal working conditions of the engine.     

An attempt to study long-term variation of sporadic E layers using neural networks

Strong positive correlation between sporadic E layers and the solar activity and the long-term declining trend of Es were found in this paper. Then the feed-forward back propagation neural networks (NNs) were used to simulate the long-term variation of Es at four stations and predict foEs yearly average values. The inputs used for NNs are the yearly mean values of foEs in the daytime of the past ten years and the yearly averaged data of solar 10.7 cm radio flux (F107) of the present year, and the output is the present yearly mean value of daytime foEs. The outputs of trained NNs have high correlation with the desired values and the foEs yearly mean values predicted by NNs have good agreement with the observed data. The results indicate that NNs can make full use of the observed data to simulate the long variation rule of Es. Also, the results confirm the effect of solar activity on Es.     

Matching suitable feature construction for SAR images based on evolutionary synthesis strategy

In the paper,a set of algorithms to construct synthetic aperture radar（SAR）matching suitable features are frstly proposed based on the evolutionary synthesis strategy.During the process,on the one hand,the indexes of primary matching suitable features（PMSFs）are designed based on the characteristics of image texture,SAR imaging and SAR matching algorithm,which is a process involving expertise;on the other hand,by designing a synthesized operation expression tree based on PMSFs,a much more flexible expression form of synthesized features is built,which greatly expands the construction space.Then,the genetic algorithm-based optimized searching process is employed to search the synthesized matching suitable feature（SMSF）with the highest effciency,largely improving the optimized searching effciency.In addition,the experimental results of the airborne synthetic aperture radar ortho-images of C-band and P-band show that the SMSFs gained via the algorithms can reflect the matching suitability of SAR images accurately and the matching probabilities of selected matching suitable areas of ortho-images could reach 99±0.5%.     

单层钎焊砂盘磨粒分布有序性研究

对亲型非砂轮磨削工具－－单层钎焊砂盘的硬质合金磨粒在基体上的分布进行了初步研究，砂盘作为一种手握粗磨削工具，降低磨削力是最重要的，文中借鉴砂带及单层高温钎焊超硬磨料砂轮的一些研究，提出了砂盘的磨粒在基体上有序性分布的概念，将此概念应用于砂盘钎焊制造工艺上，在相同的制造工艺和磨洵深度条件下，对得到的磨粒有序性及无序性分布的砂盘进行了磨削对比实验。结果表明，砂盘磨粒的有序性分布能显著降低其磨削力。此概     

赤道地区和中纬度地区扩展F的特点和比较

通过数值模拟研究了赤道地区和中纬度地区扩展Ｆ的触发机制间的联系，发现相同的触发机制在不同纬度的条件下所演化出的结构形态不相同，因此观测上会有所不同；研究了西向电场在赤道地区的作用，发现在适合的电脑层参数组合下会产生观测到的电脑层Ｆ区顶部扰动出现率高于底部扰动出现率的状况；在数值模拟的基础上提出了一个中纬度地区电波散射的模型，用以解释观测到的中纬度地区电波散射的出现率高于线性理论预期的现象。     

纳米α-Al2O3在水相介质中的分散性能

在对纳米α-Al2O3粉体的Zeta电位进行测量的基础上,采用无机电解质类分散剂（SHP）,阴离子型表面活性剂油酸,阳离子型表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基氯化铵（CTAC）以及非离子型表面活性剂异丙醇胺（DIPA）对纳米α-Al2O3粉体进行了分散实验,系统研究了超声分散时间、表面活性剂种类和浓度对纳米α-Al2O3粉体在水相介质中分散性能的影响。结果表明,随超声时间的延长和分散剂浓度的增加,纳米α-Al2O3粉体的分散性均出现先增后降的变化规律,对于每一种分散剂均存在最佳超声时间和最佳浓度。纳米α-Al2O3粉体在水相介质中的最佳分散工艺为：超声时间40 min,浓度为1.5%的CTAC。     

基于线性稳定性理论的转捩控制试验

 使用线化稳定性理论研究了某后掠机翼试验模型在风洞试验条件下可能的试验结果。在当前试验条件下，三维边界层中横流驻波的不同波长扰动发展趋势不同，根据理论分析和数值计算给出了最大放大率波长为4.0 mm。通过升华法试验验证了理论分析与数值计算结果。在试验中使用丝网印刷技术在后掠机翼前缘添加粗糙带，成功地引入了理论计算的最大放大率波长。根据预期影响了三维边界层的转捩。     

基于功能检测的备用系统维修优化研究

 为了减小或消除主系统故障的后果，机械中经常采用备用系统在主系统故障时代替其完成功能。根据某些机械设备的备用系统故障具有延迟性的特点，提出了不等间隔的功能检测策略；建立了该策略下备用系统的可用度模型和费用率模型；以系统可用度为约束，维修费用率为目标，建立了不等间隔功能检测维修策略下的维修优化模型；最后给出了优化模型的求解算法，得到了维修间隔的确定方法并进行了实例验证分析，结果表明：当首次检测间隔是重复检测间隔的3倍时采用不等间隔的功能检测优化模型比采用等间隔的功能检测优化模型节约9.55%。     

一种新的极值搜索算法及其在航空发动机燃烧主动控制中的应用

 针对航空发动机存在的不稳定燃烧控制问题，推导出当发动机不稳定燃烧时，燃烧室内的振荡压力与平均燃空比值之间的函数模型，此函数模型构建了压力振荡变化的幅值与平均燃空比值之间的极值关系。提出了一种新颖的退火递归神经网络极值搜索算法，可以自适应地搜寻出极值模型中最优的平均燃空比值，实现对燃烧室内压力振荡变化的最小幅值控制，并有效地抑制了燃烧室的不稳定燃烧现象。通过仿真对比，验证了方法的有效性。