使用数据表缩短有源滤波器的设计时间

使用归一化的元件数据表可以设计出低通和高通布特沃斯—汤姆逊滤波器(以下简称布—汤滤波器)。在布—汤滤波器中使用运算放大器,其增益为1或无限大。此种滤波器可高达10阶。     

用于恶劣天气条件下飞机着陆的雷达视景合成系统

描述了一种用于在恶劣天气情况下辅助飞机着陆的视景合成系统（ＳＶＳ），该系统由一个扫描毫米波雷达，平显和实时信号处理硬件组成，采用一套快速处理算法来增强和显示图像。该系统已在实际的恶劣天气情况进行了大量的高塔与飞行演示验证。此项工作的重要性在于它验证了系统的整体概念和信号处理算法的新颖性。     

The Suess-Urey mission (return of solar matter to Earth)

The Suess-Urey (S-U) mission has been proposed as a NASA Discovery mission to return samples of matter from the Sun to the Earth for isotopic and chemical analyses in terrestrial laboratories to provide a major improvement in our knowledge of the average chemical and isotopic composition of the solar system. The S-U spacecraft and sample return capsule will be placed in a halo orbit around the L1 Sun-Earth libration point for two years to collect solar wind ions which implant into large passive collectors made of ultra-pure materials. Constant Spacecraft-Sun-Earth geometries enable simple spin stabilized attitude control, simple passive thermal control, and a fixed medium gain antenna. Low data requirements and the safety of a Sun-pointed spinner, result in extremely low mission operations costs.     

Leg venous hemodynamics and leg volumes during a 42 day -6 degrees head-down bedrest

Seven healthy subjects were submitted to a 42-day head down bedrest, where leg venous compliance (venous distensibity index VDI) and leg volumes were assessed by mercury strain gauge plethysmography with venous occlusion and optoelectronic plethysmography, respectively. Plethysmographic and volometric measurements were made, before, during (at days 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, 26, 34 and 41), and after bedrest (days 1, 4, 7, 11 and 30 of the recovery period). Results showed a continuous decrease in leg volumes throughout bedrest, when VDI increased until day 26 of bedrest, and then decreased afterwards. The recovery period was characterized by a rapid return of VDI to prebedrest levels while leg volumes progressively normalised. These results showed that leg venous compliance changes are not always dependant upon skeletal muscle changes, and that factors other than size of muscle compartment are able to determine increases in leg venous compliance during long-term bedrest.     

The effect of head-down tilt on brain potentials related to visual attention

To study the possible effect of simulated weightlessness on brain function state, the brain event-related potentials (ERPs) in a simple visual selective response task were compared between HDT and HUT in 9 normal subjects. The results were: The Target(T) and non-Target(NT) flash signals both induced significant slow positive potentials which were supposed to related to the attention state; the amplitude of the positive potentials in frontal regions decreased significantly especially for NT-ERPs during HDT comprared with that during HUT. The data reported provide new evidence indicating that more attention should be paid on the brain function study during space flight.     

空间运输系统对空军卫星控制网的影响

二十多年来,空军卫星控制网(AFSCN)为许多军用航天器和发射运载器提供了实时跟踪、遥测和遥控支持。随着国防部航天任务测控要求的变化,空军卫星控制网的测控、通信和数据处理能力的扩展和现代化都已稳步增长。空间运输系统的发展促进了空军卫星控制网的发展。本文介绍了为满足空间运输系统的要求对空军卫星控制网目前已进行的和预期进行的一系列改造。     

基于RBF神经网络的非线性观察器设计

提出了一种新的非线性观察器设计方法。与一般方法采用神经网络逼近整个非线性系统不同，该方法用RBF神经网络逼近系统的非线性项，故提高了状态估计的精度。基于李亚普诺夫方法，证明了状态估计误差渐近稳定且渐近收敛到零。仿真结果表明，所提出的非线性观察器设计方法具有良好的性能。在故障检测、状态估计等领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

声表面波气体检测器

本文介绍一种利用声表面波的新型气体检测器的试验结果。声表面波(SAW)压电气体检测器由制作在一块压电衬底上的SAW双延迟线组成,每一延迟线都接有一振荡器。在一根延迟线振荡器的传播路径上涂以选择性吸收薄膜,而在另一传播路径上则不涂复而用作稳定参考。由吸附在涂有薄膜的延迟线上的气体所引起的质量负载或应力效应造成的相位延迟变化,导致相对于参考振荡器的频率偏移。这种频率偏移是与气体浓度成比例的。由于SAW能集中在薄膜附近,故检测器的灵敏度很高。另外,只要给SAW压电气体检测器涂以相应的选择性薄膜,就可以检测任何气体。为了证明这一点,现已制成一个利用三乙醇胺薄膜测量空气中二氧化硫(SO_2)的检测器,并且已经证明能够检测出浓度为10×10~(-9)的二氧化硫。对灵敏度、线性、再现性、选择性和可靠性的研究,发现在大多数情况下比其它类型的气体检测器优越。本文讨论器件性能(例如选择性和随时间的稳定性)的主要缺点,以及改善的可能方法和进一步研究的方向。     

Cardiovascular effects of simulated zero-gravity in humans

Head-down and head-up [correction of heat-up] tilted bedrest (5 degrees) and head out water immersion (HOWI) for 6 hr were compared. Parameters: Cardiac output (rebreathing method), blood pressure (arm cuff), forearm blood flow (venous occlusion plethysmography), total peripheral (TPR), and forearm vascular (FVR) resistances, Hct, Hb, relative plasma volume (PV) changes, and plasma catecholamines (single-isotope assay). During HOWI there was as expected a decrement in TPR, FVR, Mean arterial pressure (MAP, from 100 to 80 mmHg), Hct, and PV, and--as a new finding--catecholamines, which were 30-50% lower compared with both +5 and -5 degrees bedrest. During head down tilt, MAP was elevated (to 100-110 mmHg) and catecholamines did not fall, while TPR and EVR slowly decreased over 6 hr. HOWI is a stronger stimulus than -5 degrees bedrest, probably because HOWI elevates central venous pressure more markedly emptying the peripheral veins, while bedrest permits a distension of veins, which induces an increase in sympathetic nervous activity.