Evaluation and improvement of coastal GNSS reflectometry sea level variations from existing GNSS stations in Taiwan

Global sea level rise due to an increasingly warmer climate has begun to induce hazards, adversely affecting the lives and properties of people residing in low-lying coastal regions and islands. Therefore, it is important to monitor and understand variations in coastal sea level covering offshore regions. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have been successfully used to robustly derive sea level heights (SLHs). In Taiwan, there are a number of continuously operating GNSS stations, not originally installed for sea level monitoring. They were established in harbors or near coastal regions for monitoring land motion. This study utilizes existing SNR data from three GNSS stations (Kaohsiung, Suao, and TaiCOAST) in Taiwan to compute SLHs with two methods, namely, Lomb–Scargle Periodogram (LSP)-only, and LSP aided with tidal harmonic analysis developed in this study. The results of both methods are compared with co-located or nearby tide gauge records. Due to the poor quality of SNR data, the worst accuracy of SLHs derived from traditional LSP-only method exceeds 1?m at the TaiCOAST station. With our procedure, the standard deviations (STDs) of difference between GNSS-derived SLHs and tide gauge records in Kaohsiung and Suao stations decreased to 10?cm and the results show excellent agreement with tide gauge derived relative sea level records, with STD of differences of 7?cm and correlation coefficient of 0.96. In addition, the absolute GNSS-R sea level trend in Kaohsiung during 2006–2011 agrees well with that derived from satellite altimetry. We conclude that the coastal GNSS stations in Taiwan have the potential of monitoring absolute coastal sea level change accurately when our proposed methodology is used.     

小型感性耦合射频等离子体中和器的实验研究

为了研究适用于百瓦级电推力器的离子束流中和技术,基于电子鞘层模型、射频等离子体最优放电技术和通过插入探针实现快速点火的方法,设计了一套小型感性耦合射频等离子体中和器(RF plasma neutralizer,RPN)。实验研究了RPN中和器的稳定工作条件和电子引出特性,实现了RPN中和器稳定工作和电子有效引出。实验结果表明:电子引出特性主要取决于发射孔附近阳极斑的形成与否,而阳极斑的形成又主要受结构设计、工质流量和偏置电压等运行条件的影响;通过对RPN运行条件的优化试验,获得了55~150m A可调电子束流范围和较高的工质利用系数(3.9~10.5),满足离子束流中和需求;另外,实验中还观察到了电子束流随工质流量或偏置电压的迟滞现象。     

RN-FD型固体氡气源的稳定性及应用分析

对测氡仪器进行精确校准是氡测量工作中的重要环节,固体氡气源的稳定性、可靠性在校准中则显得至关重要。本文通过分析RN-FD型固体氡气源对闪烁室K值的稳定性实验结果,认为:RN-FD型固体氡气源标称的浓度值与实际浓度值不一致,标称浓度值只是理论浓度值而不是实际浓度值,需重新刻度才能使用;RN-FD型固体氡气源抽气循环时间不同则浓度不同,但抽气循环时间固定,观测结果比较稳定;对于没有α检查源的台站,RN-FD型固体氡气源可用于氡观测仪器坪区检查。     

天基强银河背景下的空间碎片探测试验及分析

本文设计并完成了银河背景下碎片探测试验，数据分析表明，强的银河背景会降低探测器对暗弱碎片的探测能力，但对碎片的天文定位精度影响不大。本文验证了采用基于探测概率的极限探测星等方法表征探测器极限探测能力的合理性，以及基于仿真的方法增加数据完备度的可行性。本文的工作将为后续天基探测器的设计及探测试验的开展提供依据。     

面向飞机维护应用反馈系统的知识管理研究

提出了在飞机产品服务系统中建立应用反馈系统的需求,论述知识管理在飞机产品全生命周期管理应用反馈子系统中的作用,通过软件实现验证了知识管理在应用反馈系统中的重要性和必要性.     

自治式水下机器人推进器故障检测、分离与重构

研究自治式水下机器人推进器故障检测、分离与重构问题。针对水下机器人故障诊断残差法中残差阈值不易选取的问题,提出了一种基于观测器的水下机器人推进器故障检测与分离方法,通过构建故障检测观测器对推进器故障与残差信号进行解耦,使推进器出现故障后仅引起与其相关的残差呈单调变化,从而可选择较大的阈值进行故障检测以提高诊断系统的可靠性,该方法在故障检测的同时可进行故障分离。针对系统不确定性导致的推进器故障重构精度低的问题,提出了一种RBF神经网络与等效输出注入相结合的故障重构方法,采用等效输出注入方法估计不确定性项,从神经网络输出中重构推进器故障。     

复杂产品研制项目标准化效益评估模型

旨在量化计算标准化工作的效益,凸显标准化工作的重要作用.通过分析复杂产品研制项目标准化工作的特点,确定标准化工作权重计算方法,建立了复杂产品研制项目标准化工作项目体系及效益指标体系.深入研究复杂产品研制项目标准化效益评估模型的构建方法,编制总效益调研问卷,收集有关型号标准化工作效果数据,构建了复杂产品研制项目标准化效益评估模型.运用本方法建立了航空领域复杂产品研制项目标准化效益评估模型,并以某型飞机研制项目的真实数据验证了模型的准确度.     

A global survey of COSMIC ionospheric peak electron density and its height: A comparison with ground-based ionosonde measurements

With a network of ground-based ionosondes distributed around the world, the ionospheric peak electron density and its height measured by FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC satellites in terms of GPS radio occultation technique are extensively examined in this article. It is found that, in spite of the latitude, the mean values of the peak electron density measured by COSMIC satellites are systematically smaller than those observed by ground-based ionosondes. The discrepancy between them is dependent on the latitude, namely, it is small in low and mid-latitudes and large in high-latitude region. Moreover, statistical analysis shows that the slopes of the regression line that is best fitted to the scatter diagram of occultation-retrieved peak electron density (ordinate axis) versus ionosonde-observed peak density (abscissa axis) are universally less than one. This feature is believed to be the result of path average effect of non-uniform distribution of the electron density along the GSP ray during the occultation. A comparison between COSMIC-measured peak height and ionosonde-derived peak height hmF2 indicates that the former is systematically higher than the latter. The difference in the two can be as large as 20% or more in equatorial and low-latitude regions. This result implies that the peak height hmF2 derived from the virtual height through true height analysis based on Titheridge method seems to underestimate the true peak height. The correlation between COSMIC and ionosonde peak electron densities is analyzed and the result reveals that correlation coefficient seems to be dependent on the fluctuation of the occultation-retrieved electron density profile. The correlation will be higher (lower) for the electron density profiles with smaller (larger) fluctuations. This feature suggests that the inhomogeneous distribution of the electron density along the GPS ray path during the occultation plays an important role affecting the correlation between COSMIC and ionosonde measurements.     

遗传算法结合神经网络的多段翼型优化设计研究

为提高多段翼型增升效能，开展包括襟／缝翼偏度和缝道参数在内的优化设计研究。将神经网络与遗传算法结合的优化设计方法应用于气动优化设计，并针对30P30N三段翼型，分别以8°迎角时升阻比最大和22°迎角时升力最大为目标进行了单目标和多目标优化设计研究。研究结果表明：采用单目标设计虽可在设计点获得较好的优化结果，但在非设计状态气动性能下降；采用多目标优化设计，既可获得良好的中等迎角升阻性能，又可改善大迎角失速性能，使综合气动性能更优；遗传算法与神经网络结合的优化设计方法可满足多段翼型的多点优化设计问题，具有高效、高精度等优点，易于工程应用。