多机并联火箭羽流流场及其底部热环境分析

For the problem that the plume flow field structure of a multi engine parallel rocket is complicated and the bottom thermal environment is extremely harsh, which may cause the failure of the engine structural components, the plume flow field and thermal environment at different altitudes are studied through numerical simulation. The result is compared with the measured results in flight which shows that when the rocket is flying at a low altitude, the plume of the engines do not interfere with each other. As the flight altitude increases, the plumes gradually expand and begin to interfere with each other, and finally there is an obvious backflow at the bottom of the rocket. The maximum heat flux at the moment of take off is basically the same as the measured value in flight. Before the backflow occurs, the heat flux mainly consists of radiant heat, the convective heat flow increases as the flight altitude grows, but it is also much smaller than the peak heat flow at takeoff. The result has certain guiding significance for the optimal design of engine structure thermal protection.     

富氢燃气与空气低压补燃特性研究

氢氧火箭发动机在飞行过程中排出富氢燃气与周围低压空气发生补燃,直接改变发动机周围的热环境,影响发动机各组件性能。通过试验及仿真研究了不同燃气温度、燃气组分对于富氢燃气低压补燃特性的影响。富氢燃气与空气的低压补燃试验表明:常压下富氢燃气温度高于932 K时发生补燃,低于877 K时不发生补燃;富氢燃气温度高于950 K,环境压力60 kPa时富氢燃气发生补燃,30 kPa时不发生补燃;仿真与试验对比分析发现最大化学反应速率超过10~(-9)情况下能观测到宏观的富氢燃气与空气的补燃现象,燃气温度和氢气含量越高,其与空气发生补燃的临界压力越低。当压力低于10 k Pa时,燃气温度1 200 K,氢气含量87. 4%也无法与空气发生补燃。     

可重复使用火箭发动机再生冷却槽失效分析

完成了可重复使用液体火箭发动机推力室再生冷却槽热力循环载荷下的蠕变非弹性热结构分析,对比研究了各向同性硬化和随动硬化定律对冷却槽结构分析的影响,并在多循环结构场基础上分析了冷却槽"狗窝"失效过程.结果表明可以通过选取热传导率差别小的内外壁材料、优化几何结构改善温度场及结构场;各向同性和随动硬化结构曲线变化趋势相似,但塑性应变有较大差别,残余应变相差约0.06%;多循环加载中每个循环的结构曲线形状相似并不断右移,硬化效应明显,低周疲劳损伤和蠕变损伤分别取决于循环载荷下的应变和应力值.     

氢氧火炬点火器低压燃烧流动仿真研究

为研究低压条件下氢氧喷注间距及液滴粒径对氢氧火炬式电点火器燃烧流动的影响规律,结合DPM离散相模型,采用6组分16步氢氧反应机理,选取考虑湍流燃烧效应的涡耗散概念燃烧模型进行仿真计算,并将结果与试验结果进行比对,温度结果符合得较好,压强计算偏差在5%以内,验证了仿真模型的准确性。仿真结果表明:低压条件下,氢氧喷注间距增加时,点火器头部内壁温度升高,室压降低,燃烧长度缩短;液氢液滴直径增大时,点火器头部内壁温度升高,室压降低,燃烧长度变长;改变液氧液滴直径对点火器燃烧流动影响较小。      

液体火箭发动机再生冷却槽寿命预估

基于有限元热结构耦合计算结果分析了液体火箭发动机再生冷却槽的失效形式,并分别采用Porowski模型及其蠕变修正模型对冷却槽进行寿命预估.结果表明冷却槽寿命主要取决于塑性拉伸不稳定失效;蠕变对寿命有一定影响,是寿命预估不可或缺的一部分;减小外壳与内壁的温差幅值、增大每个冷却槽的肋宽比或增加冷却槽数目可以延长寿命.该寿命预估方法可用于指导可重复使用液体火箭发动机再生冷却槽设计.