密集目标环境下航迹起始性能评估

本文介绍密集目标环境下航迹起始性能的分析情况。文献「６」已对跟踪性能的分析给出了非常简便的能用跟踪参数预测平均航迹纯度的表达式。，然而，所得结果主要是对已建立起航迹的航迹连续阶段则言的。本文则是在这些结果的基础之上扩展到了航迹起台阶段。     

Main medical results of extended flights on space station Mir in 1986-1990

During 1986-1990 seven prime spacecrews (16 cosmonauts) have flown on-board the Mir orbital complex. The longest space mission duration was 366 days The principal objectives of the medical tasks were the maintenance of good health and performance of the spacecrews and conducting medical research programs which included study of the cardiovascular, motor, endocrine, blood, immune, and metabolic systems. Results obtained point to the ability of humans to readily adapt to a year-long stay in space and maintain good health and performance. Readaptation had a similar course as after other previous long-term space flights of up to 8 months in duration. Primary body system changes were not qualitatively different from findings after flights aboard the Salyut 6 and 7 space stations. In this case, during and after an 11-12 month flight, body system alterations were even less severe which was a result of adequate countermeasure use, their systematic and creative employment and maintenance of required environments to support life and work in space.     

Human adaptation to simulated gravitational fields

We present the resuIts of manned studies in which test subjects were exposed to simulated zero g (water immersion or head-down tilt at -6 degrees) and head-to-feet acceleration. The findings give evidence that humans have different individual tolerances to an acceleration of +3 Gz after exposure to zero g, whether simulated by immersion or by head-down tilt. The paper discusses the role of functional relationship between water balance and cardiac output in the establishment of adaptive reactions to simulated zero g.