Gravity waves generated by thunderstorms: South-East Asia tropical region study

Gravity waves are recognized as an integral part of earth’s atmosphere which are mainly responsible for energy and momentum distribution among different layers and regions in the atmosphere. Various sources present in land, ocean, and atmosphere such as mountains, convection, jets and fronts etc. are responsible for gravity waves generation. Thunderstorms (deep convection) are one of the major sources of gravity waves in the tropical region, capable of generating waves with a wide range of frequencies and scales and significantly affecting the existing waves. Previous numerical studies have characterised the wave properties that are generated from thunderstorms, but there are no statistically quantified studies. In this paper, we have modelled the relationship between the latent heat generated inside a thunderstorm and the gravity wave properties at the geo-collocated points. Gravity waves are identified over Singapore radiosonde station (with data available until 30?km altitude with 12?h temporal resolution) in the stratosphere using wavelet studies. Based on the GROGRAT ray tracing methods to identify the thunderstorm locations, and RAMS cloud-resolving models simulations to obtain the latent heating of the thunderstorm, a regression analysis is performed using 200 cases of gravity waves. Furthermore, cloud-top momentum flux analysis is performed for various cases latent heat. This study is expected to provide more quantified and concrete information on the coupling between the thunderstorm and gravity wave which includes the variance in these relationships due to wave frequency spectrum and generation mechanisms.     

CE/SE方法在非定常爆轰计算中的应用

建立了非定常爆轰波的理论模型。根据CE/SE方法的基本思想，推导出适合于求解二维N-S方程的长方形网格的CE/SE方法。对于包含刚性反应源项的守恒方程组，将其分为两部分，其中刚性反应源项单独求解。本文以爆轰管内装填C3H8/O2预混气体为例，数值模拟管内爆轰波的传播过程以及爆轰波脱离爆轰管后流场的图谱。计算结果显示，爆轰波在管内传播时，其波系极其复杂。当爆轰波离开出口后，迅速熄灭为非反应的激波。管外不仅有激波、膨胀波的传播，而且还存在激波与涡的相互作用。数值实践表明，该CE／SE方法可以有效捕获爆轰波与激波等强间断。