Newton–Euler equations of multibody systems with changing structures for space applications

Multibody systems with changing structure are considered. These systems have stages in their motion that distinct from each other by degree of freedom (DOF), joint connection structure and joint types. These mechanical systems are common in space application e.g. separation subsystems. Single coordinate set is used to formulate Newton–Euler equations of motion at each stage. Proposed equation form simplifies equations building process for certain stages and whole motion. Numerical experiment was carried out using proposed method.     

Jets Downstream of Collisionless Shocks

Space Science Reviews - Particles are accelerated to very high, non-thermal energies in solar and space plasma environments. While energy spectra of accelerated electrons often exhibit a power law,...     

Behavior of tethered debris with flexible appendages

Active exploration of the space leads to growth of a near-Earth space pollution. The frequency of the registered collisions of space debris with functional satellites highly increased during last 10 years. As a rule a large space debris can be observed from the Earth and catalogued, then it is possible to avoid collision with the active spacecraft. However every large debris is a potential source of a numerous small debris particles. To reduce debris population in the near Earth space the large debris should be removed from working orbits. The active debris removal technique is considered that intend to use a tethered orbital transfer vehicle, or a space tug attached by a tether to the space debris. This paper focuses on the dynamics of the space debris with flexible appendages. Mathematical model of the system is derived using the Lagrange formalism. Several numerical examples are presented to illustrate the mutual influence of the oscillations of flexible appendages and the oscillations of a tether. It is shown that flexible appendages can have a significant influence on the attitude motion of the space debris and the safety of the transportation process.     

Ensuring an acceptable reliability and safety level for a launch complex

Some key aspects and criteria tasks for ensuring an acceptable reliability and safety level for complex technical systems are discussed in the view of successful operation of a launch complex, at the stage of Launch Vehicle (LV) preparation. The standards and principles of adequate characteristics for launch site core technological systems are defined. The tasks for evaluation the probability of faultless operation for the systems, their reliability a posteriori, and safety barriers formation are described. The model of the pre-launch phase is presented as a random process, in the form of “simple Poisson flow”.     

N2O混合火箭发动机的催化点火研究

利用N2O催化分解原理,设计了一个用于启动N2O混合火箭发动机的催化点火器。试验表明,在催化剂被加热到400~600℃左右后,该点火器可以成功启动N2O/有机玻璃(PMMA)混合火箭发动机。在切断氧化剂供给,节流关闭发动机后,可以通过再次加热催化室重新实现发动机的启动,在节流时间较短的情况下也可以直接打开氧化剂阀门,利用催化室余热多次启动发动机。     

钛合金扩散连接界面完整性超声定量评估

利用高分辨率超声扫描显微成像检测技术对钛合金扩散连接界面的微缺陷分布进行研究 ,从而得到有关扩散界面微观完整性的定量信息 ,给出了钛合金扩散连接界面的超声扫描成像检测的典型试验结果     

Self-organization in a current sheet model

Self-organization is a possible solution to the seemingly contradicting observation of the repeatable and coherent substorm phenomena with underlying complex behavior in the plasma sheet. Self-organization, through spatio-temporal chaos, emerges naturally in a plasma physics model with sporadic dissipation. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Emerging Parameter Space Map of Magnetic Reconnection in Collisional and Kinetic Regimes

In large-scale systems of interest to solar physics, there is growing evidence that magnetic reconnection involves the formation of extended current sheets which are unstable to plasmoids (secondary magnetic islands). Recent results suggest that plasmoids may play a critical role in the evolution of reconnection, and have raised fundamental questions regarding the applicability of resistive MHD to various regimes. In collisional plasmas, where the thickness of all resistive layers remain larger than the ion gyroradius, simulations results indicate that plasmoids permit reconnection to proceed much faster than the slow Sweet-Parker scaling. However, it appears these rates are still a factor of ～10× slower than observed in kinetic regimes, where the diffusion region current sheet falls below the ion gyroradius and additional physics beyond MHD becomes crucially important. Over a broad range of interesting parameters, the formation of plasmoids may naturally induce a transition into these kinetic regimes. New insights into this scenario have emerged in recent years based on a combination of linear theory, fluid simulations and fully kinetic simulations which retain a Fokker-Planck collision operator to allow a rigorous treatment of Coulomb collisions as the reconnection electric field exceeds the runaway limit. Here, we present some new results from this approach for guide field reconnection. Based upon these results, a parameter space map is constructed that summarizes the present understanding of how reconnection proceeds in various regimes.