Late Stages of Stellar Evolution

A large fraction of ISO observing time was used to study the late stages of stellar evolution. Many molecular and solid state features, including crystalline silicates and the rotational lines of water vapour, were detected for the first time in the spectra of (post-)Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars. Their analysis has greatly improved our knowledge of stellar atmospheres and circumstellar environments. A surprising number of objects, particularly young planetary nebulae with Wolf-Rayet (WR) central stars, were found to exhibit emission features in their ISO spectra that are characteristic of both oxygen-rich and carbon-rich dust species, while far-IR observations of the PDR around NGC 7027 led to the first detections of the rotational line spectra of CH and CH⁺. Based on observations with ISO, an ESA project with instruments funded by ESA Member States (especially the PI countries: France, Germany, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom), and with the participation of ISAS and NASA.     

Finding a ‘genuine’ space policy for Europe: the European space policy workshop series

Despite some impressive programmes, Europe has not yet succeeded in forging a coherent space policy and, as a result, has not achieved its full potential in this field. As efforts to formulate a more comprehensive policy intensify, a series of workshops has been initiated in order to provide an independent platform, allowing broad participation, for discussion of the issues. This article describes the rationale behind the process and the structure of the workshops and reports on the highlights of the first workshop, examining the fundamental questions involved. The themes of forthcoming workshops are also presented.     

Changes of deoxyribonucleoprotein in the spleen, thymus and liver of rats exposed to weightlessness and artificial gravity aboard the Cosmos biosatellites

Changes of deoxyribonucleoprotein in the spleen, thymus and liver of rats exposed to wegithlessness or artifical gravity on board biosatellites Cosmos 782 and Cosmos 936 after 20 days of flight were investigated. The level of polydeoxyribonucleotides in the spleen and thymus of rats exposed during the flight to weightlessness increased 4 – 11 hours after landing, suggesting breakdown of a part of the deoxyribonucleoprotein present. The use of artifical gravity prevented this breakdown in the thymus but not in the spleen. The breakdown was accompanied in the majority of cases by a decrease in teh deoxyribonucleoprotein content. We believe the breakdown of deoxyribonucleoprotein is due to a nonspecific stress reaction to the change from the weightless state to that of terrestrial gravity during landing. The polydeoxyribonucleotide level and amount of deoxyribonucleoprotein in the majority of cases returned to normal values during the 25 days of readaptation. No substantial change of deoxyribonucleoprotein was found in the liver. The different findings in the three organs are due to the fact that breakdown of deoxyribonucleoprotein takes place in sensitive cells underlying pycnosis. These cells are found in the spleen and thymus, but not in the liver.     

传说中的美景 天堂湿地＆海上梦幻乐园

8月一直以来都是旅游的旺季,各国各地的商家都鼓足了劲呐喊摇旗,希望能够吸引到更多的客人。作为一个游客,很幸运地、你可以在本月享受法国的狂欢节、日本的夏日祭典、美国的商场减价促销……当然,你也可以选择避开熙熙攘攘的人群,寻找一处优美的景色,依山傍水,自然地留下,冥冥之中,命运就这样引导了你,寻找那处传说中的美景,然后,尽情享受大自然的恩赐吧。本月,推荐给你的是人间天堂的西溪湿地,享受静谧之美;海上的梦幻乐园,享受蔚蓝之魅。     

《舌尖上的中国》背后鲜为人知的故事

火爆全中国的纪录片《舌尖上的中国》终于有了图书版The hometown of each tongue constitute the wholeof China,and forming a parr of something calledculture,inherited from generation to generation.With wisdom,Chincse got the delicous food fromnature,all this has been able to achieve,duc totheir fear of God and food as well as love of the     

假期的完美计划

老上海风味or新希腊风貌夏天是度假的好时机,我们一定要为即将到来的假期提前做好安排和部署。仔细考虑一下,在这个炎热的夏日,是要出国避暑呢,还是呆在家里做御宅族。暑假是旅游和度假的黄金期,高峰时期的酒店和线路都会涨价、爆满,因此我们必须要提早做好万全的准备。目标是:假期的完美计划!     

Designing to MIL-STD-2165: Testability

The V-22 avionic hardware is the first to be designed under MIL-STD-2165 testability program requirements. This paper presents an overview of the avionics design-for-testability approach and lessons learned to date relative to the application of MIL-STD-2165. The paper will discuss incorporation of testability requirements up front in the avionics design which will drive the supportability philosophy at both the Organizational and Depot levels of maintenance. The paper will compare previous avionics hardware testability requirements versus those applied to the V-22 avionics and highlight areas of improvement. A discussion of testability design impacts on reduced level of testing (i.e. WRA/SRA/System) will be included. In addition, the paper discusses an innovative approach to meeting the user requirements for a man-portable forward deployed maintenance capability that forms the basis for a two level support scenario (Organizational and Depot). The innovation comes from the fact that the on-board Central Integrated Checkout system will provide data as well as fault isolation and will use this data as a mechanism to reduce the size and complexity of the stimulus and measurement hardware at either the Organizational or Depot level depending on the deployment requirements.