高级靶场测量飞机

本文描述了高短靶场测量飞机(ARIA)及其目前和未来在全球范围内保障试验和鉴定活动的计划。     

用于NASA局长期气球计划的低成本TDRSS通信设备

NASA研制的新TDRSS转发器和射频地面支持设备,使一系列低预算NASA计划可以利用TDRSS的通信业务。由于采用了当前先进技术,有些则是尖端技术,使这些新设备为用户提供了许多先进特性,而成本仍比以前任何一种设计方案低。这些新设备将于1992年12月首次用于飞越南极的长期科学气球计划。     

用差分GPS精密跟踪军事目标

位于阿拉巴马州的陆军试验设施,为 部及其合同商提供靶场试验服务,白于采用了综合机载跟踪系统,满足苛     

Submicron magnetite grains and carbon compounds in Martian meteorite ALH84001: inorganic, abiotic formation by shock and thermal metamorphism

Purported biogenic features of the ALH84001 Martian meteorite (the carbonate globules, their submicron magnetite grains, and organic matter) have reasonable inorganic origins, and a comprehensive hypothesis is offered here. The carbonate globules were deposited from hydrothermal water, without biological mediation. Thereafter, ALH84001 was affected by an impact shock event, which raised its temperature nearly instantaneously to 500-700K, and induced iron-rich carbonate in the globules to decompose to magnetite and other minerals. The rapidity of the temperature increase caused magnetite grains to nucleate in abundance; hence individual crystals were very small. Nucleation and growth of magnetite crystals were fastest along edges and faces of the precursor carbonate grains, forcing the magnetite grains to be platy or elongated, including the "truncated hexa-octahedra" shape. ALH84001 had formed at some depth within Mars where the lithostatic pressure was significantly above that of Mars' surface. Also, because the rock was at depth, the impact heat dissipated slowly. During this interval, magnetite crystals approached chemical equilibria with surrounding minerals and gas. Their composition, nearly pure Fe(3)O(4), reflects those of equilibria; elements that substitute into magnetite are either absent from iron-rich carbonate (e.g., Ti, Al, Cr), or partitioned into other minerals during magnetite formation (Mg, Mn). Many microstructural imperfections in the magnetite grains would have annealed out as the rock cooled. In this post-shock thermal regime, carbon-bearing gas from the decomposition of iron carbonates reacted with water in the rock (or from its surroundings) to produce organic matter via Fischer-Tropschlike reactions. Formation of such organic compounds like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons would have been catalyzed by the magnetite (formation of graphite, the thermochemically stable phase, would be kinetically hindered).     

火焰稳定器烧蚀原因的试验研究

 在冲压发动机调整试验过程中,往往会发生火焰稳定器的烧蚀问题。试验表明,火焰稳定器的烧蚀与燃烧室起动时在其上游不良流线体处出现稳定的不正常挂火有关。本文对于挂火烧蚀的机理进行了简化理论分析,讨论了不良流线体处的挂火是如何发生的,以及挂火能够稳定存在的条件。通过在小型试验设备上的专项试验,观察到了热燃气瞬间逆流和挂火导致火焰稳定器烧蚀的过程,并证实了理论分析的挂火界限。     

凝相相变过程的热力计算

一般的热力计算软件很少计及凝相物质的相变过程，当燃烧产物温度接近某凝相物质的相变温度时，将出现迭代计算不收敛。根据能量守恒、喉部单位质量流量的流通面积最小和等熵关系，提出了凝相物质在燃烧室、喷喉和喷管出口处于相变过程的热力计算方法，并给出了算例。     

通过气象卫星的单向时间传递精度可达三十毫微秒

在欧洲空间操作中心(ESOC,达姆斯塔特)的支持下,西德应用测地研究所(IfAG)和物理技术研究所(PTB)共同努力,制订了一项利用气象卫星(METEOSAT)测距信号的小规模试验计划。这种测距信号每隔3小时出现1·5分钟。在此期间,测量测距信号相对于站用时钟秒脉冲的相位。系统研究表明,可能获得的时间传递精度在30~(ns)(毫微秒)量级。接收设备包括一个2米直径的固定天线、一个低噪声宽带接收机和一个相位跟踪器和解调器,全部费用不超过20000美金。     

用于EOS直播卫星数据采集和处理的低成本可搬运地面站

作为全球变化研究的全国统一行动的一部分，地球观测系统（ＥＯＳ）将在１５年时间内发射一个遥感卫星星座。来自ＥＯＳ卫星的科学数据将由ＮＡＳＡ研究机构加以处理，再分发给大量地球科学家。许多这样的卫星还备有另外的接口，能直接向用户播发数据。从过境卫星实时直接播发科学数据有不少有价值的用途：现场测量结果的检验，规划科学会战以及用于科学和工程教育。ＥＯＳ直接的成功与实用价值在程度上取决于最终用户接收该数据所花