基于CFD高精度算法的雷电电磁场研究

雷电空间电磁场一直是电磁领域研究的热门，成熟的算法例如有限时域差分法（FDTD），传输线矩阵法（TLM）以及频域的矩量法（MoM）在计算雷电问题方面都有广泛的应用。由于计算流体力学（CFD）中的Euler方程与电磁学中的Maxwell方程有着相同的守恒形式，而且采用间断伽辽金方法（DG）已经在流场问题上得到广泛的尝试，因此引入了基于计算流体力学的DG方法来离散时域Maxwell方程，并采用网格分区并行技术加速计算，使用基于DG的圆球雷达散射截面积（RCS）算例进行测试，数值结果一致表明DG算法在求解电磁场问题上的可行性，之后通过计算一段近场雷电通道的电场分布并与解析解、某算法仿真解对比，数据基本吻合，说明该方法适合于雷电电磁场的计算。     

机翼用铝合金材料原始疲劳质量对比

当前航空工业的发展对于超高强铝合金材料的需求十分迫切，实现该材料的国产化并达到良好的质量效果至关重要。为了对中国航空工业中常用的7XXX新型铝合金材料的原始疲劳质量（IFQ）进行评估，选取裂纹萌生时间（TTCI）和当量初始缺陷尺寸（EIFS）作为对比参量，分别对中国飞机机翼用7XXX紧固孔试件和俄系BXXX紧固孔试件开展了低、中、高3种应力水平下的疲劳试验，通过对比分析得到了两种试件在不同应力水平下的TTCI趋于一致，最大仅相差3.71%；得到了每个试件的EIFS，应用疲劳统计学方法验证了两种试件材料各自的EIFS值无显著性差异；提出了一种不同超越概率下的结构细节当量初始缺陷模型，直接有效地对飞机结构细节的质量风险进行了评估；建立并对比分析了两种试件结构细节的通用EIFS分布，结果均小于中国军用手册规定的0.125 mm，且在超越概率为5%时，7XXX材料的通用EIFS值要小于BXXX材料的通用EIFS值。     

Discrete time multiple spacecraft formation flying attitude optimal control in presence of relative state constraints

This paper addresses the challenge of synchronized multiple spacecraft attitude reorientation in presence of pointing and boundary constraints with limited inter-spacecraft communication link. Relative attitude pointing constraint among the fleet of spacecraft has also been modeled and considered during the attitude maneuvers toward the desired states. Formation fling control structure that consists of decentralized path planners based on virtual structure approach joint with discrete time optimal local controller is designed to achieve the mission’s goals. Due to digital computing of spacecraft’s onboard computer, local optimal controller based on discrete time prediction and correction algorithm has been utilized. The time step of local optimal algorithm execution is designed so that the spacecraft track their desired attitudes with appropriate error bound. The convergence of the proposed architecture and stability of local controller’s tracking error within appropriate upper bound are proved. Finally, a numerical simulation of a stereo imaging scenario is presented to verify the performance of the proposed architecture and the effectiveness of the algorithm.     

单组元300N发动机低温试验研究

为探究低温环境下单组元300N发动机的工作特性，揭示影响发动机低温性能的主要影响因素，以300N发动机为试验对象，开展了模拟飞行工况的发动机低温试验。给出了低温试验研究方法，分别从温度差异对发动机性能影响、催化剂活性差异对发动机低温启动特性影响和低温对电磁阀响应特性影响等方面获得研究结果。结果表明，低温是影响发动机低温性能的主要影响因素，-48℃条件催化剂无法完成推进剂的催化分解，发动机发生爆炸；-30℃条件下起活时间为80.5～87.5ms，发动机可正常启动，且启动温度与起活时间呈指数关系；催化剂批次差异也对发动机低温工作性能产生一定影响，不同批次催化剂低温起活时间的差异可达91ms；低温试验过程中，电磁阀的关闭受到低温推进剂粘性和背压的影响，产生了明显的迟滞现象，延迟时间约100ms，对发动机在轨的精准控制存在一定影响。     

Aerial-BiSeNet: A real-time semantic segmentation network for high resolution aerial imagery

The aircraft system has recently gained its reputation as a reliable and efficient tool for sensing and parsing aerial scenes. However, accurate and fast semantic segmentation of high-resolution aerial images for remote sensing applications is still facing three challenges: the requirements for limited processing resources and low-latency operations based on aerial platforms, the balance between high accuracy and real-time efficiency for model performance, and the confusing objects with large intra-class variations and small inter-class differences in high-resolution aerial images. To address these issues, a lightweight and dual-path deep convolutional architecture, namely Aerial Bilateral Segmentation Network (Aerial-BiSeNet), is proposed to perform real-time segmentation on high-resolution aerial images with favorable accuracy. Specifically, inspired by the receptive field concept in human visual systems, Receptive Field Module (RFM) is proposed to encode rich multi-scale contextual information. Based on channel attention mechanism, two novel modules, called Feature Attention Module (FAM) and Channel Attention based Feature Fusion Module (CAFFM) respectively, are proposed to refine and combine features effectively to boost the model performance. Aerial-BiSeNet is evaluated on the Potsdam and Vaihingen datasets, where leading performance is reported compared with other state-of-the-art models, in terms of both accuracy and efficiency.     

低轨卫星缺失时序数据的模式识别方法

在航天应用中，低轨卫星经常会由于原始数据缺失而影响卫星时序数据模式识别结果，降低准确率。针对该问题提出了一种新型MR-GRU模型，可有效处理缺失时序数据，并获得较好的模式识别准确率。区别于传统模型的补全缺失数据的方法，MR-GRU模型直接在缺失时序数据上运用循环神经网络进行训练，对传统门控循环单元结构进行了改进，增加了两个新变量：掩蔽项和衰减项。掩蔽项作用于输入，衰减项作用于输入和隐层单元输出。MR-GRU模型不仅能够保持时序数据固有的时间特性，还能有效提高模式识别精度。在卫星时序数据上的模式识别试验表明，MR-GRU模型准确率优于传统模型。     

动态真空校准装置的设计

动态真空校准装置由供气系统、抽气系统、校准系统、烘烤系统、测控及分析系统五部分组成。利用快开超高真空插板阀与限流元件组合的方法，在20ms至1s的时间范围内实现标准压力10⁵Pa至100Pa范围的瞬态阶跃变化。采用稀薄流下DSMC法与连续流下Navier-Stokes方程相结合的模型，确定快速膨胀过程中标准压力时间常数。动态真空校准装置预计达到的技术指标为校准范围10^-1Pa～10⁵Pa，合成标准不确定度小于15%。     

Evaluation of SARAL/AltiKa performance using GNSS/IMU equipped buoy in Sajafi,Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports

Performance of SARAL/AltiKa mission has been evaluated within 2016 altimeter calibration/validation framework in Persian Gulf through three campaigns conducted in the offshore waters of Sajafi, Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports, while the altimeter overflew the passes 470, 111 and 25 on 13 Feb, 7 March and 17 June 2016, respectively. As the preparation, a lightweight buoy was equipped with a GNSS receiver/choke-ring antenna and a MEMS-based IMU to measure independent datasets in the field operations. To obtain accurate sea surface height (SSH) time series, the offset of the onboard antenna from the equilibrium sea level was predetermined through surveying operations as the buoy was deploying in the onshore waters of Kangan Port. Accordingly, the double-difference carrier phase observations have been processed via the Bernese GPS Software v. 5.0 so as to provide the GNSS-derived time series at the comparison points of the calibration campaigns, once the disturbing effects due to the platform tilt and heave have been eliminated. Owing to comparing of the SSH time series and the associating altimetry 1?Hz GDR-T datasets, the calibration/validation of the SARAL/AltiKa has been performed in the both cases of radiometer and ECMWF wet troposphere corrections so as to identify potential land contamination. An agreement of the present findings in comparison with those attained in other international calibrations sites confirms the promising feasibility of Persian Gulf as a new dedicated site for calibration/validation of ongoing and future altimetry missions.     

Analysis and design of Cubesat constellation for the Mediterranean south costal monitoring against illegal immigration

Costal monitoring is focused on fast response to illegal immigration and illegal ship traffic. Especially, the illegal ship traffic has been present in media since April 2015, as the number of reported deaths of immigrants crossing the Mediterranean significantly increased. Satellite images provide a possibility to at least partially control both types of events. This paper defines the principal criteria to select the best satellite constellation architecture for maritime and coastal monitoring, filling the gaps of imagery techniques in term of real-time control. The primary purpose of a constellation is to obtain global measurement improving the temporal resolution. The small size and low-cost are the main factors, which make CubeSats ideal for use in constellations. We propose a constellation of 9 Cubesats distributed evenly in 3 different planes. This reduces the revisit time enhancing the coverage duration. In addition, it also allows observing fire, damage on building and similar disasters. In this analysis, the performance criteria were reported such as the revisit time, the vision duration and the area coverage.     

一种双时间尺度函数Wiener过程性能退化模型

为通过性能退化数据评估产品的可靠性，基于广义Wiener过程提出了一种双时间尺度函数模型以描述产品退化过程。采用极大似然估计(MLE)法求解模型参数，推导了其寿命分布(FTD)，进而进行可靠度分析和寿命评估。对模型进行了Monte Carlo模拟验证和实例应用，并将目前常用的混合效应Wiener过程模型作为参考方法进行了对比分析。结果表明:根据90%可靠度曲线的定义，该方法较参考方法的结果更为合理、准确。进一步的寿命评估结果表明，该方法与参考方法的平均寿命相差232.9h，90%可靠寿命结果相差109.4h，且参考方法计算结果偏于危险。