均匀化处理对7A55铝合金组织与性能的影响

研究了单级均匀化和双级均匀化工艺对铸态7A55铝合金组织和性能的影响规律.结果表明,经450℃单级均匀化处理后,合金中的残留共晶仍然较多,保温60h时合金中残留共晶比例由铸态合金的15.2%减少至7.2%,合金硬度由72HRB降低至60HRB,伸长率则由2.1%增大至11.2%;经450℃/60h+470℃双级均匀化处...     

基于直升机舰面起降动态仿真的风限图计算

建立了基于直升机舰面起降动态仿真的风限图（WOD）计算方法,综合计入舰船尾流、直升机运动和驾驶员操控等多因素的作用提升风限图计算的准确度。基于耦合舰船非定常尾流的飞行动力学模型,发展了适于直升机多轴协同操控的驾驶员模型,建立了舰面起降轨迹的数学描述和生成方法,形成计入舰船尾流、直升机运动和驾驶员操控等多因素综合作用的直升机舰面起降动态仿真方法。在此基础上,总结风限图计算判据,建立风限图计算方法。计算结果表明,某些风况下直升机在舰面起飞和降落过程中受到舰船尾流的干扰远大于在甲板上方悬停时受到的作用。本文方法能够捕捉到不同起降点和起降方式导致舰船尾流时空变化的干扰,与传统计算方法相比,显著提升了风限图计算的准确度。     

菜园坝长江大桥主拱节段风洞试验及分析

中承式拱桥属于柔性空间结构,主拱上承受的脉动风荷载相互干扰。以重庆菜园坝长江大桥为研究对象,进行了湍流下的主拱单拱及双拱节段模型风洞试验。对模型表面脉动压力的功率谱、相关系数、水平和竖向相干函数进行了细致分析,讨论了双拱间距宽度比对脉动压力频域特性的影响。当间距宽度比大于5时,后拱风荷载受到前拱的干扰作用。当两拱间距宽度比小于5时,前后拱风荷载特性类似于组合截面。随间距宽度比变小,主拱涡脱落折算频率和压力功率谱逐渐增大,前后拱迎风面和背风面的相关系数及相干系数均逐步降低。     

直升机动力传动系统扭转振动整体传递矩阵分析

研究了复杂多轴齿轮传动系统整体传递矩阵方法及在直升机动力传动系统扭转振动分析中的应用.首先说明了直升机传动系统传递矩阵方法力学模型,推导了传动系统中典型齿轮副啮合传递矩阵、并车级和行星级齿轮啮合传递矩阵,说明了这种具有多种齿轮副啮合的复杂多轴系统整体传递矩阵模型组集方法,最后用这种方法进行了典型直升机动力传动系统扭转振动特性分析,讨论了这种直升机动力系统振动特性的特点.      

绝热层制备工艺的环境影响分析

聚氨酯泡沫绝热层被广泛应用在建筑、家电、汽车和航天等领域,绝热层制备工艺对环境有着重要的影响,因此评价绝热层制备工艺的环境影响有着十分重要的意义。本文采用生命周期评价(Life cycle assessment,LCA)中的ReCiPe方法对绝热层制备工艺的环境影响进行了评价。结果表明,绝热层制备工艺对海洋生态毒性的环境影响最大,其次是人类毒性、淡水生态毒性、淡水富营养化和化石耗竭;油漆、电能、聚氨酯组合剂以及聚脲组合剂是对环境影响贡献较大的清单物质,且环境影响结果对油漆和电能的变化最为敏感;喷漆过程、聚氨酯喷涂过程和聚脲喷涂过程环境影响显著,占比超过了总环境影响的70%。降低绝热层制备工艺环境影响的关键因素有:在设计阶段考虑聚氨酯废料的回收,避免聚氨酯和聚脲材料的浪费,选用较为清洁的粉末型漆料,或者提高电能利用率、提高清洁能源的比例。     

Resistance welding of glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite: Experimental investigation and process parameter optimization

The utilization of fiber reinforced thermoplastics (FRTP) is expected to fulfill lightweight demand in mass-produced aerospace products. Facing the unavoidable assembly of FRTP parts, fusion bonding methods such as resistance welding are promising compared with mechanical joint and adhesive bonding. In this paper, a procedure has been brought out to understand the relationship between processing conditions and performance of the FRTP welding joints. The adherends were continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene (GF/PP) laminates fabricated by hot-pressing method. The influences of time, current and pressure on the bending strength of the resistance welding joints were investigated. A processing window was drawn based on the optical observation of welded surfaces. The quantitative relationship between process parameters and mechanical property of GF/PP welding joint was established by Response Surface Method (RSM) with high accuracy. It was found that bending strength of GF/PP welding joint was improved by 31% compared with hot-pressing benchmark.     

微环形腔内有氧条件下CH4/H2O/CO2催化重整反应特性数值研究

基于表面反应详细机理,数值研究了微环形腔内有氧条件下,组分、温度、质量流量对甲烷/水/二氧化碳催化重整反应特性的影响.结果表明:低温下,增大水的含量可提高产氢量,而增大二氧化碳含量对产氢量无明显影响.增大二氧化碳或水的含量,可提高甲烷转化率.低温下二氧化碳、水等组分的改变对甲烷重整反应的影响较小,高温下组分的影响增强.质量流量增大,出口氢气、一氧化碳质量分数和甲烷转化率明显降低.高流量下加入水或二氧化碳对甲烷转化率的影响已不再明显.当水(二氧化碳)作为产物时,质量流量的增大对其影响并不大;而做为反应物时,质量流量增大,使出口处水(二氧化碳)的质量分数升高.      

Data fusion for ground moving target tracking

The aim of ground surveillance is the large scale, continuous and near real time determination of a dynamical ground picture. This task comprises detection and tracking of moving single targets and convoys, mobile weapon systems, and military equipment. The sensors of choice are airborne Ground Moving Target Indicator (GMTI) radar and synthetic aperture radar (SAR). As ground target tracking often suffers from dense target situations, high clutter, and low visibility, the integration and fusion of external background information is essential for providing precise and continuous tracks. We present Multi Hypotheses techniques for tracking several targets in complex ground situations with clutter. Methods to incorporate topographic information, in particular digital road maps, are described and demonstrated.     

用于质量特性参数测量的新型气浮扭摆台

常规扭摆台采用滚动轴承和扭杆振动结构,纵向尺寸大、测量精度低、抗倾覆力矩小,不能满足质量特性参数综合试验台的要求,必须对其进行结构的分析和优化。本文提出交叉弹簧板结构替换扭杆,减少了扭摆台纵向尺寸,分析和实验表明该结构具有和扭杆相同的振动效果。将滚动轴承替换为气浮轴承,提高了抗倾覆力矩,测量精度最高达0.1%;采用有限元法对柱坐标系下修正的雷诺方程进行仿真计算,研究气浮轴承结构参数对承载能力和抗倾覆力矩的影响规律,确定了给定轴承外径下的最优几何参数。实验表明,改进的试验台提高了测量精度和振动稳定性,对卫星等飞行体质量特性参数的测量有重要的意义。     

Optimal control of the deployment process of solar wings on spacecraft

The optimal attitude control problem of spacecraft during the stretching process of solar wings is investigated in this paper. The dynamical equations of the nonholonomic system are derived from the conservation principle of the angular momentum of the multibody system. Attitude control of the spacecraft with internal motion is reduced to a nonholonomic motion planning problem. The spacecraft attitude control is transformed into the steering problem for a drift free control system. The optimal solution for steering a spacecraft with solar wings is presented. The controlled motion of spacecraft is simulated for two cases. The numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the optimal control approach.