A novel architecture of electro-hydrostatic actuator with digital distribution

To address the flow imbalance rapidly of the asymmetric Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA), this paper presents a novel architecture of asymmetric EHA with the Digital Distribution (EHA-DD). It also improves the flow nonlinearity and control accuracy of the pump, especially in the low-speed condition. The digital distribution with two High-Speed on–off Valves (HSVs) not only balances flow instead of the check valves, but also replaces the pump at the low-speed to control output flow by adjusting the PWM signal. The pump and HSVs are the crucial components to control flow output. Firstly, the flow calculation models of the pump and the duty ratio inversed model of the HSV are obtained through experimental tests and the identification method. To get the control input signal for the required flow, the pump speed and PWM duty ratio for the HSVs are inversed to compensate for flow output. Further, a multimode digital flow distribution control method based on pump speed, mainly including the pump-controlled mode for large flow demand and valve-controlled mode for little flow demand, is proposed to control the accurate flow output actively. The step extension experiments based on the flow calculation models are conducted on the EHA-DD prototype under elastic, opposite varying load. The results demonstrate that the EHA-DD realizes little position error by accurate flow control, and it is also beneficial to improve the service life of the pump.     

A novel satellite image encryption algorithm based on hyperchaotic systems and Josephus problem

With the rapid growth of the number of Earth observation satellite (EOS) supporting critical applications, it is required to improve the security techniques to protect the sensitive data and images during the transmission between the satellites and the ground stations. This paper introduces a new satellite image encryption algorithm based on the Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) generator, SHA 512 hash function, hyperchaotic systems, and Josephus problem. LFSR generates a matrix that is used to construct the 512-bits value of the hash function. These bits are used to set the initial values and parameters of the proposed encryption algorithm. Firstly, the six dimensions (6-D) hyperchaotic system is divided into three parts, where every two equations are considered as one part. Secondly, the 1-D hyperchaotic logistic-tent system is considered as the controller to select one part. The selected part is used to generate a matrix that is XORed with the original image. Thirdly, the scrambling operation by Josephus sequences is applied to the output of the previous step by scrambling the rows and the columns according to the selected part to produce the pre-encrypted image. Finally, if the number of iterations is less than the required number which is considered as a parameter of the secret key, the previous operations will be repeated in the pre-encrypted image; otherwise, the pre-encrypted image is considered as the final cipher image. Experimental and analyses results show that the proposed algorithm has good performance in terms of high level of security, large enough key-space, tolerance to Single Event Upsets (SEU) as well as low time complexity.     

火星表面热环境对航天器热控影响分析

火星大气对太阳辐射产生吸收和散射作用，同时还将与火星表面航天器发生对流换热。热设计时难以直接评估对流、辐射和导热三种换热对航天器的影响，从而确定主要的控温途径。在调研火星表面辐射、大气等热环境的基础上，从线性化传热系数和对流辐射比的角度对比分析了辐射、对流和导热对航天器的影响。器表辐射传热系数随光学属性和温度的变化范围为0.3～1.4W/(m2·℃)，对流传热系数随风速变化为0.2～1.5W/(m2·℃)，器内导热传热系数可控制在0.25W/(m2·℃)以下。结果表明，太阳辐射较火星表面和天空辐射而言是主要外热源，航天器表面的辐射和对流换热为两条并联换热途径，两者均可成为主要换热途径，器内导热传热是控制航天器内外隔热的主要可控因素。     

Solar sailing in realistic mode,based on a locally-optimal control laws

Ballistic design of solar sailing missions in the solar system is composed of defining the design parameters, the control programs, and the trajectories that provide performance goals of a flight. The use of a solar sail spacecraft imposes specific restrictions on mission parameters that include the degradation limit on the flight duration, the maximum temperature of solar sail's surface, the minimum distance from the Sun, the maximum angular velocity of the spacecraft's rotation and others.Many authors considered the impact of these restrictions on the design of the mission separately, but they used a sophisticated method of finding the exact optimal motion control or applied the most straightforward laws of motion control. This paper uses local-optimal control laws at the complete mathematical models of motion and functioning of solar sail spacecraft to describe a technique of designing interplanetary missions. The described method avoids the need to obtain an accurate optimal solution to the control problem and does not cause significant computational difficulties.     

涡轮基组合循环发动机分布式控制系统通信网络混合拓扑结构优化方法

涡轮机组合循环(Turbine based combined cycle,TBCC)发动机控制系统通信网络拓扑结构是其分布式控制系统方案设计的重要部分,优化网络拓扑结构可提高发动机推重比和控制系统可靠性。本文基于智能优化算法提出TBCC分布式控制系统网络拓扑结构优化方法。基于图论建立TBCC几何模型和网格模型,以重量和可靠性为优化性能指标,同时考虑发动机表面高温区域以及控制节点的工作可靠性,分别采用粒子群算法和遗传算法优化星形结构中智能中央节点位置、中央节点的环形拓扑结构,获得星形-环形混合拓扑结构。仿真实例表明,基于本文方法优化所得的混合拓扑结构相较于星形集中式控制结构,系统重量降低了51.9%。     

多臂空间机器人的视觉伺服与协调控制

针对多臂空间机器人自主目标抓捕任务，首先建立多臂空间机器人的运动模型和其与目标的相对运动模型，采用Kane方法建立多臂空间机器人的动力学模型；其次，研究基于视觉伺服的机械臂在线轨迹规划算法，并引入零反作用机动，消除机械臂运动对平台姿态的扰动；再次，在不使用零反作用机动功能时，分别使用基于角动量前馈补偿的协调控制算法和逆动力学方法设计了协调控制器，在机械臂运动时保持平台姿态和相对目标的位置。最后，开发了基于Matlab的仿真软件MASS（多臂空间机器人仿真），仿真结果校验了上述方法的有效性。     

轨控大干扰下的系统角动量管理

摘要： 针对利用角动量交换装置系统实现轨控期间姿态维持的情况，研究当轨控推力器存在大力矩扰动时系统角动量管理方法.结合对地运行航天器轨道运动特性，分析轨控干扰力矩的积累角动量变化规律；考虑角动量管理装置系统的角动量存贮容量，基于角动量积累规律提出了一种结合偏置角动量建立与对称分布轨控位置选择的系统角动量管理方法，实现了对称轨控位置积累角动量互相抵消的自平衡效果，极大程度地提高轨控效率且避免系统角动量饱和现象.所提出的方法适用于喷气欠驱动控制系统，方法的有效性通过了数学仿真验证及在轨型号应用.     

飞机液压系统柱塞泵热分析

随着飞机液压系统向高压化、大功率化方向发展，液压系统的发热及温升问题受到了广泛关注。柱塞泵作为液压系统中重要的能量转换装置，对液压系统的功率损失和温度有重大的影响，良好的柱塞泵的热分析对液压系统的热设计和温度控制有重要的意义。然而传统的柱塞泵热分析方法，如平均油温法、软件仿真法和热节点网络法，因不够准确、高效和简洁而不能满足现代飞机液压系统热分析和热设计的相关需求。本文针对飞机液压系统柱塞泵发热的相关问题，采用基于集总参数的热网络分析方法，建立了柱塞泵热网络模型，通过对柱塞泵不同工况下的仿真，验证了模型的有效性和准确性，为柱塞泵及液压系统的热分析提供了参考。     

空间载荷机柜热控设计的仿真研究

空间站主动热控系统的作用是提供和保持航天员、仪器设备和结构部件所要求的温度、湿度和风速等热环境。本文以空间载荷机柜为热控系统的基本单元，建立了以单相流体循环回路为基础、采用液冷结合风冷的冷却方式的载荷机柜数学模型；介绍了模糊增量控制算法的工作原理；提出了采用模糊增量控制算法，以液冷支路进出口温差和风冷支路冷却量占总冷却量的比值为控制目标的反馈控制策略。同时文章采用数值模拟方法研究了控制系统的动态响应效果。仿真结果显示，模糊增量控制算法具有响应迅速、超调量小、无静态误差的特点，控制策略满足有效性、稳定性和高精确度的要求。     

Identification of seismic activity sources on the subsatellite track by ionospheric plasma disturbances detected with the Sich-2 onboard probes

Using a cylindrical Langmuir probe and the authors’ proprietary two-channel pressure transducer, ionospheric plasma parameter distributions along the orbit of the Sich-2 satellite (Ukraine, 2011–2012) were measured. This paper is concerned with identifying the space–time location of ionospheric plasma disturbance sources, including the epicenters of actual earthquakes (before or during the satellite flyover) and incipient earthquakes on the subsatellite track, from the measured distributions of the electron density and temperature and the neutral particle temperature along the satellite orbit. To do this, the measured ionospheric plasma parameter distributions are connected to the coordinates on the subsatellite track.It is shown that local disturbances in the electron density and temperature and neutral particle temperature distributions in the satellite orbit in the ionosphere may serve as indicators of seismic activity on the subsatellite track. The epicenters of incipient earthquakes may be set off from other plasma parameter disturbance sources associated with seismic activity using information provided by special monitoring and survey centers that monitor the current seismic situation.