长拉杆-止口连接弯曲刚度损失及对转子系统振动响应影响

航空燃气轮机为了实现高负荷、轻质化的追求，在转子结构设计中，趋向于提高转速和加大长径比。这使得转子系统弯曲模态临界转速降低，转子在工作转速范围内不可避免会产生一定的弯曲变形。转子弯曲变形会影响连接结构界面接触特性的变化，使其连接结构局部弯曲刚度产生损失。因此，对于工作转速靠近弯曲临界的高速转子系统，需要考虑连接结构界面接触状态变化对转子系统振动特性的影响。以高负荷的长拉杆-止口连接转子系统为对象，分析连接界面接触应力分布特性，提出连接结构弯曲刚度损失修正方法，以此为基础建立界面连接转子动力学模型。通过对止口连接三级轴流压气机转子结构动力学特性的仿真和试验研究表明，在靠近弯曲振型临界转速下，转子连接界面接触状态的变化会产生弯曲刚度损失，对转子动力学特性具有显著影响。     

燃气轮机周向拉杆转子连接刚度对转子振动特性影响的研究

为研究燃气轮机周向分布式拉杆转子轮盘间存在的连接刚度对轴系转子振动特性产生的影响，本文提出一种基于六自由度的弹簧单元等效方法；首先将轮盘接触刚度与拉杆弯曲刚度同时等效进连接界面，便于使用一维梁单元求解其临界转速与振动响应变化，验证其与全三维有限元法吻合度在3％以内；然后改写了非线性动力学方程，采用谐波平衡法对其进行求解，使用经典Newmark方法验证其准确性；最后使用该等效方法计算了某模拟转子连接刚度对其临界转速、响应特性、非线性特性等的影响。计算结果表明：当连接面剪切刚度与弯曲刚度减小3个数量级，均造成了临界转速的降低和振动响应的提高，而其影响程度可由各阶振型大致推测，且响应幅值受剪切刚度影响较大；使用临界转速趋于收敛时的连接刚度与试验值的对比误差小于2％，较连续模型提升显著；在连接刚度各向异性时，每一阶临界转速均出现两个响应峰值，轴心轨迹变成椭圆；考虑刚度随位移变化（非线性刚度）后，转子的响应峰值发生“歪扭”特性，且该峰值特征随不平衡量、无量纲阻尼等因素变化而呈现“波浪形”变化。     

Impact of bending dies with different friction forms on forming force and quality of tubes manufactured by free bending technology

In the 3D free bending forming system, the bending die can be designed either in a sliding type or rolling friction type. Bending die-based sliding friction type is often called normal bending dies; however, the bending dies-based rolling friction type includes bending die-based roller type and ball type in structure. In the current study, the impact of three bending dies on the forming force, and the bent tube quality was investigated. The obtained results showed that the tangential stresses and strains of the tubes formed by the bending die-based roller type were the smallest among the three bending dies. Besides, the spherical bearing force P_U was reduced drastically after using the roller type and ball type compared to the sliding friction type. Moreover, the uniformity of the wall thickness distribution of the tubes formed by the roller type and ball type was better than those obtained from the sliding friction type. In addition, the cross-section distortion rate was reduced by 2.8% using the roller type, and 1.8% using ball-type compared to the sliding friction type.     

Framework and development of data-driven physics based model with application in dimensional accuracy prediction in pocket milling

In the manufacturing of thin wall components for aerospace industry, apart from the side wall contour error, the Remaining Bottom Thickness Error (RBTE) for the thin-wall pocket component (e.g. rocket shell) is of the same importance but overlooked in current research. If the RBTE reduces by 30%, the weight reduction of the entire component will reach up to tens of kilograms while improving the dynamic balance performance of the large component. Current RBTE control requires the off-process measurement of limited discrete points on the component bottom to provide the reference value for compensation. This leads to incompleteness in the remaining bottom thickness control and redundant measurement in manufacturing. In this paper, the framework of data-driven physics based model is proposed and developed for the real-time prediction of critical quality for large components, which enables accurate prediction and compensation of RBTE value for the thin wall components. The physics based model considers the primary root cause, in terms of tool deflection and clamping stiffness induced Axial Material Removal Thickness (AMRT) variation, for the RBTE formation. And to incorporate the dynamic and inherent coupling of the complicated manufacturing system, the multi-feature fusion and machine learning algorithm, i.e. kernel Principal Component Analysis (kPCA) and kernel Support Vector Regression (kSVR), are incorporated with the physics based model. Therefore, the proposed data-driven physics based model combines both process mechanism and the system disturbance to achieve better prediction accuracy. The final verification experiment is implemented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method for dimensional accuracy prediction in pocket milling, and the prediction accuracy of AMRT achieves 0.014 mm and 0.019 mm for straight and corner milling, respectively.     

基于PNFM-LFM复合调制的探测干扰共享波形设计

针对雷达-电子战一体化共享信号波形的设计需求，提出一种伪码噪声调频与线性调频复合调制的探测干扰共享波形。在伪码序列的伪随机性和规律性上，通过理论推导和仿真实验，分析并验证了该探测干扰共享波形具有良好的模糊函数以及线性可控的频谱特征，有效通带内干扰功率利用率平均可达38%；通过探测干扰共享信号的相关信号处理，本地接收机能够成功地对信噪比不低于-27 dB的回波信号进行检测，且改善因子可达30 dB。     

四旋翼倾转飞行器操纵冗余设计

建立了四旋翼倾转飞行器旋翼、机翼、机身的非线性气动模型和飞行动力学模型,并在Matlab/Simulink环境下搭建了仿真模型,根据仿真模型计算各个操纵面的操纵效率,确定了不同状态下各个通道需要用到的操纵方式,结合飞行动力学模型和操纵方式,在纵向通道上进行了全包线的配平计算,表明了操纵策略的可行性。     

Effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of brush-labyrinth seals at various operating conditions

Over the last few decades, the research on the effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of the brush-labyrinth seals is not sufficient. To this end, two kinds of brush-labyrinth seals for the bristle pack element installed upstream of the labyrinth teeth named BSU and installed downstream of the labyrinth teeth called BSD were used to investigate the effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of the brush-labyrinth seals. Using the numerical model combining the porous medium model and the whirling rotor method, the rotordynamic characteristics of the BSU and BSD at various operating conditions including four kinds of pressure ratios, five kinds of inlet preswirl speeds and four kinds of rotor spinning speeds were conducted. The obtained results show that the effects of operating conditions on rotordynamic coefficients for the different seal configurations are different. The direct stiffness, cross-coupled stiffness and direct damping of the BSU are lower than those of the BSD. The rotordynamic coefficients of the BSU are more insensitive to the operating conditions variation. From the perspective of the seal stability, the BSU is a better brush-labyrinth seal configuration at high pressure ratio, high positive preswirl or high rotor spinning speed conditions. While in the case of low pressure ratio, low positive preswirl or low rotor spinning speed conditions, the BSD is a better choice.     

一种高动态低信噪比卫星导航信号捕获方法

为提升高动态低信噪比环境下卫星导航信号的捕获性能,提出了一种基于分数阶傅里叶变换(FrFT)及部分匹配滤波(PMF)的捕获方法。在该方法中,接收机首先利用PMF对接收信号做分段相干积分,随后借助快速傅里叶变换(FFT)对分段积分结果做离散快速FrFT,最后通过检测FrFT输出的峰值完成信号的捕获。由于具有多普勒频率变化率的卫星导航信号在FrFT后呈现能量聚焦特性,所提方法能够显著提高信号的长时间相干积分增益。同时对所提算法的捕获概率、平均捕获时间以及算法复杂度等性能指标进行了理论分析及计算机仿真验证。仿真表明,与传统的PMF-FFT方法相比,所提方法能够通过延长相干积分时间的方式有效提升高动态低信噪比卫星导航信号的捕获概率、降低捕获时间。     

直升机后缘襟翼驱动器迟滞现象仿真与抑制

直升机后缘襟翼多采用压电驱动器作为驱动元件，但是在使用过程中压电驱动器迟滞会对其振动控制性能产生不利影响，因此针对压电驱动器迟滞开展了迟滞建模与抑制研究。通过实验研究了压电驱动器在不同驱动频率下的迟滞特性，采用Bouc-Wen模型对驱动器迟滞现象进行了建模，并采用粒子群算法（PSO）辨识模型参数，与实际测量迟滞曲线进行了对比，在10~60 Hz范围内所建立的迟滞模型能够较为精确地描述压电驱动器迟滞现象。建立了基于Bouc-Wen逆模型的前馈补偿控制与PID反馈控制相结合的复合控制策略，实验结果显示该控制策略能够在10~60 Hz较宽的频率范围内有效抑制该压电驱动器迟滞现象。建立了考虑驱动器迟滞的主动控制后缘襟翼振动控制动力学模型，并对中等速度稳态前飞条件下后缘襟翼振动控制性能进行了仿真，仿真结果显示驱动器迟滞会在一定程度上削弱振动控制性能，而采用复合控制可以提高后缘襟翼旋翼振动控制性能。     

多支点柔性转子系统临界转速稳健设计方法

基于响应面法和容差模型提出了定量考虑参数变差影响的转子系统临界转速稳健设计方法。该方法利用响应面模型获得多参数、多目标之间的函数关系,并以多阶临界转速分布为约束条件、以临界转速对支承刚度变差敏感度最低为设计目标。对小涵道比涡扇发动机低压转子系统临界转速稳健设计结果表明:在考虑各支点支承刚度变差情况下,采用多参数、多目标稳健设计方法,可保证多支点柔性转子系统的临界转速特性在满足设计要求的同时,转子系统临界转速对支承刚度变差的敏感度最低,验证了该方法的有效性。