高超声速风洞流场非均匀性对气动力试验影响研究

高超声速风洞流场品质是气动力试验主要误差的决定因素,常规高超声速风洞流场均匀性虽然满足国军标GJB4399-2002《高超声速风洞气动力试验方法》对风洞流场品质的要求,但其风洞流场严格意义上说是“非均匀”的,这种流场非均匀性会对模型气动力特性存在不同程度的影响。为此,在CARDC常规高超声速风洞中开展了某升力体模型和某通气模型“多位置试验”,验证了风洞流场的非均匀性对飞行器气动力(特别是力矩特性)试验结果有显著影响,这种影响量已远超过常规的风洞重复性试验误差,甚至大于国内现有的在AIAA-S071A-1999标准上建立的不确定度评估方法所获取的“不确定度”。     

Standing wave drift of hemispherical resonator with quality factor non-uniformity under a ring electrode excitation

Hemispherical Resonator Gyroscope(HRG) is a classical high precision Coriolis Vibration Gyroscope(CVG), which performs attitude estimation of carrier by detecting the precession of standing wave of resonator, thus, the drift of standing wave of resonator has a great influence on the output accuracy of gyroscope, where the quality factor nonuniformity of resonator is one of main error sources. Ring electrode is a classical excitation structure of HRG because the standing wave can precess freely u...     

部分喷嘴关闭对预旋供气系统参数均匀性影响的计算

为了研究部分喷嘴关闭对预旋供气系统的供气流量和供气温度及其均匀性的影响,采用稳态的固定转子相位法对180°旋转盘腔进行了数值模拟,并通过改变转子相位的稳态计算来近似模拟瞬态问题的时空变化特性。结果表明:在设计点工况(系统压比为1.32,旋转马赫数为0.678)下,喷嘴流通面积关闭14.3%时,引气总流量和供气总流量分别下降10.9%和9.9%。单个供气孔流量的波动幅度由1.1%增大为5.4%。供气的相对总温降低1 K左右,波动幅度由约0.5 K增大为1.5 K。     

Motion equations of hemispherical resonator and analysis of frequency split caused by slight mass non-uniformity

The mass non-uniformity of hemispherical resonator is one of reasons for frequency split, and frequency split can cause gyroscope to drift. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze the relationship between mass non-uniformity and frequency split, which can provide a theoretical basis for mass balance of imperfect resonator. The starting point of error mechanism analysis for gyroscope is the motion equations of resonator. Firstly, based on the Kirchhoff-Love hypothesis in the elastic thin shell theory, the geometric deformation equations of resonator are deduced. Secondly, the deformation energy equation of resonator is derived according to the vibration mode and relationship between the stress and strain of hemispherical thin shell. Thirdly, the kinetic energy equation of resonator is deduced by the Coriolis theorem. Finally, the motion equations of resonator are established by the Lagrange mechanics principle. The theoretical values of precession factor and natural frequency are calculated by the motion equations, which are substantially consistent with the ones by the finite element method and practical measurement, the errors are within a reasonable range. Simultaneously, the varying trend of natural frequency with respect to the geometrical and physical parameters of resonator by the motion equations is consistent with that by the finite element analysis. The above conclusions prove the correctness and rationality of motion equations. Similarly, the motion equations of resonator with mass non-uniformity are established by the same modeling method in case of ignoring the input angular rate and damping, and the state equations with respect to the velocity and displacement of vibration system are derived, then two natural frequencies are solved by the characteristic equation. It is concluded that one of reasons for frequency split is the 4th harmonic of mass non-uniformity, and thus much attention should be paid to minimizing the 4th harmonic of mass non-uniformity in the course of mass balancing for imperfect resonator.     

磁通门磁强计校准装置研究

本文介绍了磁通门磁强计校准装置的系统组成，包括大开口大均匀区的三轴磁场线圈、磁场线圈非均匀性的补偿方法、三轴磁场线圈非正交性补偿方法、串并联组合磁场线圈分流电路等，分析了校准装置的测量不确定度主要来源，给出了验证结果。该装置可开展磁通门磁强计（含传感器）示值误差、线性度、正交度等参数的校准，其成果已应用于十多家单位的磁场测试系统和数十家单位的磁通门磁强计校准。     

压力敏感涂料特性及其校准技术实验研究

 精细化的校准技术和涂料特性研究是影响压力敏感涂料(PSP)测量技术测量精度及其工程应用的重要因素。为此以PSP地面实验测量系统为主要平台,进行了国产PSP的静态校准和光降解实验,基于自主编制的PSP静态校准图像后处理程序研究了PSP压力、温度灵敏度之外所展现出的重要特性。研究结果表明:一定压力范围内,PSP的Stern-Volmer响应曲线呈现出较为明显的非线性,在校准中应采取高阶Stern-Volmer关系式进行拟合;在均匀压力和温度下,不同样片区域的校准结果呈现出空间不均匀性,这种不均匀性会影响PSP的校准精度;PSP存在光降解效应,其降解曲线在一定时间内近似为线性。同时,本文还简要分析了其产生机理以及对PSP测量精度的影响,初步提出了相应的评估指标及改进措施。