环境规制对技术创新的影响研究

本文选取了我国2005—2017年30个省份的面板数据,运用Sys-GMM估计法测度了环境规制强度及其异质性对技术创新的影响效应。结果表明:环境规制强度对技术创新有着先促进后抑制的作用;异质性方面,命令控制型、市场激励型、公众参与型环境规制对技术创新的影响也都具有先促进后抑制的作用,公众参与型规制对技术创新的促进作用最明显,市场激励型次之,命令控制型最弱。此外,本文通过构建门槛模型,研究发现环境规制对技术创新的影响具有门槛效应。     

Investigation on nonlinear lateral-torsional coupled vibration of a rotor system with substantial unbalance

Substantial unbalance may be caused by fan blade off during the operation period of gas turbine engines, and related dynamic problems are very critical to the safety design of rotor system in aero-engine. This article aims to understand lateral-torsional coupled vibration of the rotor system with substantial unbalance. The governing equation of a modified unbalanced rotor system is established based on Lagrangian approach. Then, a mathematical analytical method is proposed in which a linear approximation is derived and the Floquet theory and Hill’s method are incorporated, from which the modal characteristics of the unbalanced rotor are obtained. The modal characteristics of the unbalanced rotor system are revealed comprehensively for the first time. Furthermore, the relation between the modes and responses of the unbalanced rotor is discussed in detail. The results show that the lateral vibration and torsional vibration of the unbalanced rotor are coupled through the inertial terms in the governing equations. Due to the coupling, veering and lock-in phenomena occur between the frequencies of the forward whirl mode and the torsional mode. Furthermore, lock-in can lead to a kind of principal instability. With regard to the response of the unbalanced rotor, both natural vibration components and enforced vibration components appear in the lateral response, while only natural vibration components appear during torsional vibration. Moreover, natural vibration components play a crucial role in the response within the principal instability region and cause divergence of the vibration amplitudes in the lateral and torsional directions.     

四相横向磁通永磁电机的三电平滞环电流控制

以新型四相横向磁通永磁电机为研究对象,利用MATLAB/Simulink软件平台以及Simpower System工具箱,对闭环控制系统进行了研究。在传统双闭环调速控制基础上,为滞环电流控制环引入零电平,将滞环分为上滞环和下滞环。综合考虑开关频率与电流THD确定合适的滞环环宽,并根据偏差电流值与滞环环宽比较值得到逆变器控制信号。通过仿真得到各种工况下的电机运行数据,说明该控制方法能够对四相横向磁通永磁电机进行有效控制。     

直升机后缘襟翼驱动器迟滞现象仿真与抑制

直升机后缘襟翼多采用压电驱动器作为驱动元件，但是在使用过程中压电驱动器迟滞会对其振动控制性能产生不利影响，因此针对压电驱动器迟滞开展了迟滞建模与抑制研究。通过实验研究了压电驱动器在不同驱动频率下的迟滞特性，采用Bouc-Wen模型对驱动器迟滞现象进行了建模，并采用粒子群算法（PSO）辨识模型参数，与实际测量迟滞曲线进行了对比，在10~60 Hz范围内所建立的迟滞模型能够较为精确地描述压电驱动器迟滞现象。建立了基于Bouc-Wen逆模型的前馈补偿控制与PID反馈控制相结合的复合控制策略，实验结果显示该控制策略能够在10~60 Hz较宽的频率范围内有效抑制该压电驱动器迟滞现象。建立了考虑驱动器迟滞的主动控制后缘襟翼振动控制动力学模型，并对中等速度稳态前飞条件下后缘襟翼振动控制性能进行了仿真，仿真结果显示驱动器迟滞会在一定程度上削弱振动控制性能，而采用复合控制可以提高后缘襟翼旋翼振动控制性能。     

Adaptive accurate tracking control of HFVs in the presence of dead-zone and hysteresis input nonlinearities

A novel accurate tracking controller is developed for the longitudinal dynamics of Hypersonic Flight Vehicles (HFVs) in the presence of large model uncertainties, external disturbances and actuator nonlinearities. Distinct from the state-of-the-art, besides being continuity, no restrictive conditions have been imposed on the HFVs dynamics. The system uncertainties are skillfully handled by being seen as bounded “disturbance terms”. In addition, by means of back-stepping adaptive technique, the accurate tracking (i.e. tracking errors converge to zero as time approaches infinity) rather than bounded tracking (i.e. tracking errors converge to residual sets) has been achieved. What’s more, the accurate tracking problems for HFVs subject to actuator dead-zone and hysteresis are discussed, respectively. Then, all signals of closed-loop system are verified to be Semi-Global Uniformly Ultimate Boundness (SGUUB). Finally, the efficacy and superiority of the developed control strategy are confirmed by simulation results.     

减压腔宽度对刷式密封泄漏特性和滞后效应的影响

对减压腔轴向宽度分别为0、04 mm和06 mm的基本型和两种低滞后刷式密封结构进行了静态和动态下压差升降和转子转速升降循环试验,并对其泄漏特性和滞后效应进行了研究。研究结果表明:压差大于02 MPa后,同一压差下的动态泄漏系数比静态降低约14%~20%;低滞后结构的密封性能优于基本型,其泄漏系数最高比基本型降低约20%;静态压差升降循环中,减压腔轴向宽度为06 mm的低滞后结构的滞后效应最强;动态的压差升降循环中,基本型结构的滞后效应最强。转子转速升降循环前后,w为06 mm结构泄漏系数减小约15%,滞后效应最强,减压腔轴向宽度为04 mm结构几乎不存在滞后效应;三种结构中,减压腔轴向宽度为04 mm的结构密封性能最优,滞后效应也最弱。     

新型防松管路连接副的接触特性分析

针对新型航空发动机管路连接副,研究了其在安装过程和松动过程中的接触特性。首先,将连接副的安装-松动过程划分为3个阶段,并对这3个阶段的摩擦力和接触压力进行了解析推导,分析了摩擦力和接触压力的变化规律。然后,建立了管路连接副的轴对称有限元模型,并对其进行了非线性瞬态分析。最后,基于施加位移载荷的方法模拟了连接副的安装和松动过程,研究了接触面的滑移量、接触压力、摩擦力和接触压应力的变化规律。同时研究了不同预紧力对连接副接触压应力的影响。结果表明:松动过程在滑移点前后可以分为2个阶段,这2个阶段中接触面的接触特性有明显区别;连接副接触面的接触特性只与接触面参数和预紧力大小相关,与管径、材料等其他因素无关。本文研究的安装与松动过程中接触特性变化规律在工程上可以指导新型管路连接副的设计工作。     

Chaboche随动硬化模型参数确定及棘轮效应

采用遗传算法确定不同Chaboche随动硬化模型的参数,得到的3种模型中,四分量模型对棘轮的预测与试验结果符合最好.增大应力幅值或应力平均值,都会使应变峰值增大,应变累积速度加快;利用确定的四分量模型研究加载顺序对棘轮的影响.结果表明,平均应力加载顺序对棘轮预测有较大影响,加载顺序高-低的累积应变低于加载顺序低-高的累积应变,而且先加载的平均应力越大,后加载的载荷产生的累积应变越小;而应力幅值加载顺序对应变累积几乎没有影响.     

超磁致伸缩作动器小回线动态J-A模型

超磁致伸缩作动器（GMA）输入输出之间存在着磁滞非线性关系，当研究其中高频输出特性时，为了降低材料自身迟滞非线性特性的影响，往往选用零点与饱和状态之间线性度较好的不饱和小回线，因此很有必要开展动态不饱和小回线数学模型的研究。首先在综合研究磁致伸缩材料（GMM）和GMA结构动力学特性的基础上结合安培环路定理提出以励磁电流为输入、应变为输出的动态Jiles-Atherton（J-A）模型，然后在引入磁滞回线特性变量的基础上得出J-A模型关键模型参数对其特性的影响规律，根据不饱和小回线仿真与实验波形的偏离特性提出模型参数的修正方法得到不饱和小回线动态J-A模型。最后，在不同频率和不同饱和幅值下通过实验验证该数学模型的正确性。