Discrete time multiple spacecraft formation flying attitude optimal control in presence of relative state constraints

This paper addresses the challenge of synchronized multiple spacecraft attitude reorientation in presence of pointing and boundary constraints with limited inter-spacecraft communication link. Relative attitude pointing constraint among the fleet of spacecraft has also been modeled and considered during the attitude maneuvers toward the desired states. Formation fling control structure that consists of decentralized path planners based on virtual structure approach joint with discrete time optimal local controller is designed to achieve the mission’s goals. Due to digital computing of spacecraft’s onboard computer, local optimal controller based on discrete time prediction and correction algorithm has been utilized. The time step of local optimal algorithm execution is designed so that the spacecraft track their desired attitudes with appropriate error bound. The convergence of the proposed architecture and stability of local controller’s tracking error within appropriate upper bound are proved. Finally, a numerical simulation of a stereo imaging scenario is presented to verify the performance of the proposed architecture and the effectiveness of the algorithm.     

基于深度神经网络的客机总体设计参数敏感性分析

飞机总体主要设计参数敏感性分析揭示了总体主要设计参数对飞机特性指标的影响，有助于总体设计方案的决策。针对宽体客机总体主要设计参数敏感性问题，根据其总体主要设计参数和特性指标的特点，以及多学科间的耦合关系，建立了深度神经网络模型。该深度神经网络模型以客机总体主要设计参数为输入，对特性指标进行预测。在深度神经网络模型中，设置了多个输入层、多个输出层以及多个分块的隐藏层，从而模拟客机总体主要设计参数对特性指标的影响以及不同特性指标之间的相互作用。测试结果表明，与传统代理模型相比，深度神经网络模型对客机特性指标的预测精度更高，多参数适应性更好。利用该深度神经网络模型对客机总体主要设计参数进行敏感性分析。分析结果表明，机翼1/4弦线后掠角在30°~31.5°时，有利于减少最大起飞重量和起飞平衡场长；发动机海平面最大静推力和机翼面积对客机直接使用成本、最大起飞重量等特性指标的影响最为显著。     

飞行器智能设计愿景与关键问题

未来飞行器正朝着多元化、无人化和智能化的方向发展，高超声速、超隐身和变体等新型飞行器不断涌现。而传统飞行器解耦分拆的设计方法越来越难以满足未来飞行器综合性能全面提升的要求，只有通过整体化设计才能充分发掘飞行器的潜能。通过分析传统飞行器设计中存在的问题，提出满足全生命周期要求的飞行器智能设计体系理念，利用知识库的构建将智能赋予飞行器平台系统设计、制造生产和运维这3个阶段，并通过数字孪生技术进行飞行器全生命周期的仿真、分析和预测，以对飞行器设计、运行等数据进行更新，使该体系形成闭环。就飞行器智能设计体系中需要的关键技术及涉及的科学问题等进行了讨论，并给出了未来发展方向以供参考。     

飞机电静液作动器滑模 PID控制器设计

在多电飞机应用环境中，由于电静液作动器（Electro Hydrostatic Actuator，以下简称EHA）系统本身的强非线性与承载交变动载荷的不确定性，简单PID控制无法达到理想控制效果。提出了滑模 PID复合控制，电机电流环和转速环构成控制系统内环，以PI控制器实现电机调速；作动筒位置环为外环，以滑模控制提升系统的快速性和鲁棒性。建立了EHA数学模型，并设计了滑模控制器结构。仿真结果表明，滑模 PID复合控制方法能有效地消除超调和减小跟随误差，实现对EHA位置的精确控制。     

Sliding mode control design for oblique wing aircraft in wing skewing process

When the wing of Oblique Wing Aircraft (OWA) is skewed, the center of gravity, inertia and aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft all significantly change, causing an undesirable flight dynamic response, affecting the flying qualities, and even endangering the flight safety. In this study, the dynamic response of an OWA in the wing skewing process is simulated, showing that the three-axis movements of the OWA are highly coupled and present nonlinear characteristics during the wing skewing. As the roll control efficiency of the aileron decreases due to the shortened control arm in an oblique configuration, the all-moving horizontal tail is used for additional roll and the control allocation is performed based on minimum control energy. Given the properties of pitch-roll-yaw coupling and control input and state coupling, and the difficulty of establishing an accurate aerodynamic model in the wing skewing process due to unsteady aerodynamic force, a multi-loop sliding mode controller is formulated by the time-scale separation method. The closed-loop simulation results show that the asymmetric aerodynamics can be balanced and that the velocity and altitude of the aircraft maintain stable, which means that a smooth transition is obtained during the OWA’s wing skewing.     

一种起落架载荷谱相似性判别方法

起落架结构的寿命监控对保障其安全性与经济性具有重要作用，但由于地面谱复杂的高低载荷非线性交互作用，难以准确计算单机谱的损伤。以当量损伤计算方法为基础，通过对寿命监控中的单机谱进行初步筛选，判别单机谱与基准谱的相似程度，进而分析损伤计算方法的适用性。提出了一种基于时间序列分析中的动态时间弯曲方法的起落架载荷谱相似性判别方法，进行了基准谱与4个单机谱下的疲劳实验，通过分析损伤计算误差与起落架载荷谱相似距离的关系，验证所提载荷谱相似性判别方法的合理性。      

翼身融合运输机分布式电推进系统设计及油耗评估

针对翼身融合运输机开展了分布式电推进系统的总体设计与油耗评估。通过数值计算完成了70t载质量翼身融合飞机的气动设计与优化。在巡航马赫数为0.80和10km高度的设计点,最大升阻比达到了24。通过求解积分边界层方程组,完成了电推进系统的总体设计。电推进系统包含10个推进风扇,风扇直径为1.45m，压比为1.35，巡航功率为2.94MW。建立了考虑燃烧过程的发动机一维性能模型,对发动机油耗进行了评估,获得了不同发动机循环参数下燃油消耗。建模结果表明,基于翼身融合布局和分布式电推进技术,可使运输机的油耗较C-17节省近50%。      

金属增材制造技术应用于军用飞机维修保障浅析

金属增材制造技术的发展为军用飞机维修保障提供了一条数字化、定制化、高性能、短周期的技术新途径,可提升军用飞机维修保障的技术水平和能力。本文综述了军用飞机维修保障的国内外现状,指出了金属增材制造技术的应用优势,介绍了军用飞机零件的典型损伤形式、不同增材制造工艺的适用性及修复工艺选取方案,分析了所涉及的逆向建模、结构优化、智能机器人等关键技术,详述了目前存在的技术成熟度与可靠性不高、修复原则不明确、标准规范不统一等主要问题及解决措施,指出了增材制造技术在军用飞机维修保障领域未来的发展方向和趋势,并给出了具体的应用建议。     

某型双座电动飞机设计与试验

沈阳航空航天大学一直致力于新能源电动飞机的研制，某型双座轻型电动飞机于2012年6月立项研制，该型电动飞机采用一台40 kW稀土永磁同步直流电机作为动力装置，全复合材料机体和板簧起落架结构。巡航升阻比24.1，起飞总重500 kg，最大飞行速度160 km/h，巡航速度110 km/h。该型电动飞机具有零排放、低噪声、运行成本低、使用维护方便等特点。参照中国民航CCAR-21部和美国ASTM标准，完成了电动飞机型号设计批准书TDA和生产许可PC取证。     

Study of highly perturbed spacecraft formation dynamics via approximation

This paper explores methods for approximating and analyzing the dynamics of highly perturbed spacecraft formations with an emphasis on computationally efficient approaches. This facilitates on-board computation or rapid preliminary mission design analysis. Perturbed formation dynamics are often approximated as linear time-varying (LTV) systems, for which Floquet theory can be used to analyze the degree of system instability. Furthermore, the angular momentum of the relative orbital state can be computed with the approximate dynamics to provide additional insight. A general methodology is developed first and then applied to the problem of unstable formation dynamics in asteroid orbits. Here the dominant perturbative effects due to low-order gravitational harmonics and solar radiation pressure are modeled. Numerical simulations validate the approach and illustrate the approximation accuracy achieved.