有翼再入飞行器气动外形集成设计优化

气动外形设计是有翼再入飞行器（RV-W）的关键技术之一。分析了气动参数对再入飞行性能的影响,探讨了有翼再入飞行器气动外形设计的规律和准则。基于上述设计准则,以类X-37B飞行器为研究对象,集成几何参数化建模、气动力、气动热、热防护等学科快速分析方法,采用多学科设计优化方法,以最优气动特性为目标对飞行器气动外形进行了优化;得到优化气动外形后,对飞行器热防护系统（TPS）进行了轻量化设计优化。结果表明,优化外形的气动特性相比初始外形得到了较大的提升,设计优化得到的热防护系统重量占比（8.7%）优于同类飞行器的热防护系统重量占比统计数据,说明了本文有翼再入飞行器气动外形集成设计优化方法的有效性,可为同类飞行器提供参考。     

S型进气道隐身与气动综合特性数值分析

针对S型进气道弯度对其隐身气动特性影响程度的问题,利用CAD软件对进气道进行参数化建模,通过改变进、出口的中心偏移量实现对进气道弯度的改变。采用数值仿真方法分别研究了进气道前向电磁散射特性和进气道流场及气动特性。仿真结果表明,进气道弯度增加对隐身特性和气动特性的影响是完全相反的,并进一步分析出这一现象的产生机理,对进气道的隐身气动一体化设计具有指导性意义。     

临近空间螺旋桨气动性能分析

基于叶素理论和儒可夫斯基涡流理论,通过求解螺旋桨合成速度、速度环量及诱导速度的非线性方程组,分析了高度为20 km的临近空间中桨叶数目、桨径长度、旋转速度及前进速度对螺旋桨气动性能的影响。结果显示:诱导速度、拉力、扭矩沿桨径的分布规律都是先增大后减小;螺旋桨拉力随桨径长度、旋转速度的增大而增大,随前进速度的增大先增大后减小且峰值在0.45 Ma左右;螺旋桨效率随桨叶数、桨径长度和旋转速度的增大而减小,随前进速度的增大先增大后减小且峰值在0.1 Ma左右。     

基于风洞试验的非定常空气动力模型识别

在某飞机模型大振幅风洞试验的基础上,分析讨论了单自由度叠加模型、动导数模型、混合模型和非定常模型的适用性.结果表明,单自由度叠加模型、动导数模型和混合模型在小攻角时均是可用的,在大攻角时都不能正确反映飞机的非定常迟滞特性;但与前两种模型相比,混合模型在中等攻角时仍然适用.对于非定常模型,无论在小攻角还是大攻角时,均能较好地反映耦合运动的非定常气动特性.     

Control-oriented Modeling for Air-breathing Hypersonic Vehicle Using Parameterized Configuration Approach

This article presents a parameterized configuration modeling approach to develop a 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) rigid-body model for air-breathing hypersonic vehicle (AHV). The modeling process involves the parameterized configuration design, inviscous hypersonic aerodynamic force calculation and scramjet engine modeling. The parameters are designed for airframe-propulsion integration configuration, the aerodynamic force calculation is based on engineering experimental methods, and the engine model is acquired from gas dynamics and quasi-one dimensional combustor calculations. Multivariate fitting is used to obtain analytical equations for aerodynamic force and thrust. Furthermore, the fitting accuracy is evaluated by relative error (RE). Trim results show that the model can be applied to the investigation of control method for AHV during the cruise phase. The modeling process integrates several disciplines such as configuration design, aerodynamic calculation, scramjet modeling and control method. Therefore the modeling method makes it possible to conduct AHV aerodynamics/propulsion/control integration design.     

运输机机翼平面参数快速优化方法

提出了一套机翼平面参数快速优化方法。新方法通过改变优化思路,简化计算模型,合理选择计算方法,有效地提高了优化效率。简要介绍参数优化思想与流程控制,重点阐述优化程序的气动、重量与性能计算模块的算法。以某运输机为算例,优化结果与资料数据吻合,验证了新方法的正确性。     

HB-2 high-velocity correlation model at high angles of attack in supersonic wind tunnel tests

Responding to a need for experimental data on a standard wind tunnel model at high angles of attack in the supersonic speed range, and in the absence of suitable reference data, a series of tests of two HB-2 standard models of different sizes was performed in the T-38 trisonic wind tunnel of Vojnotehnickˇi Institut(VTI), in the Mach number range 1.5–4.0, at angles of attack up to+30°. Tests were performed at relatively high Reynolds numbers of 2.2 millions to 4.5 millions(based on model forebody diameter). Results were compared with available low angle of attack data from other facilities, and, as a good agreement was found, it was assumed that, by implication, the obtained high angle of attack results were valid as well. Therefore, the results can be used as a reference database for the HB-2 model at high angles of attack in the supersonic speed range, which was not available before. The results are presented in comparison with available reference data, but also contain data for some Mach numbers not given in other publications.     

弹箭气动力计算软件管理系统(英文)

针对反坦克导弹、低阻远程榴弹、杆式头部破甲弹、大长细比尾翼火箭弹、地空导弹、普通榴弹、脱壳穿甲弹、航空炸弹、空地导弹、超远程滑翔炮弹、航空布撒器等11个弹种研制和开发了一套工程实用、操作简便、界面友好的弹箭空气动力计算软件管理系统.本文介绍了该系统的控制系统、前置处理系统、后置处理系统和数据库系统所采用的主要技术和所实现的重要功能.     

大机动飞行中孤立旋翼的非定常空气动力模型

为提高旋翼他轴响应的预测，气动模型应当计入机动旋翼的尾迹畸变效应，而准确表示尾迹弯曲参数Kn是关键。为表达机动导致的各种效应，增广Peters-He有限状态尾迹模型可以吸收随飞行状态变化的Kn值。根据烟流实验，该参数随旋翼前飞速度、拉力和机动角速率而变化。旋翼的空气动力实验表明，旋翼轴接受准阶跃输入后，同轴及他轴的空气动力响应有过冲，且俯仰速率愈大，过冲幅值愈大。理论和实验结果的对比显示，为了正确计算机动飞行中的旋翼气动力，特别是操纵的他轴响应，应在模型中采用随状态变化的尾迹弯曲参数Kn。此外，在当前模型基础上联合动态尾迹畸变模型，计算出的旋翼力和力矩更接近试验数据。     

Numerical prediction and wind tunnel experiment for a pitching unmanned combat air vehicle

The low-speed flowfield for a generic unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV) is investigated both experimentally and numerically. A wind tunnel experiment was conducted with the Boeing 1301 UCAV at a variety of angles of attack up to 70 degrees, both statically and with various frequencies of pitch oscillation (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 Hz). In addition, pitching was performed about three longitudinal locations on the configuration (the nose, 35% MAC, and the tail). Solutions to the unsteady, laminar, compressible Navier–Stokes equations were obtained on an unstructured mesh to match results from the static and dynamic experiments. The computational results are compared with experimental results for both static and pitching cases. Details about the flowfield, including vortex formation and interaction, are shown and discussed, including the non-linear aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle.