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1.
为研究共翼型舵和非共翼型舵两种操纵面形式的艇后流场特性及螺旋桨推进特性,基于SST(Menter)湍流模型建立了SUBOFF标准潜艇模型尾流场数值预报模型。经试验结果验证,所建立数值模型进行潜艇尾流场及螺旋桨推进性能预报具有较高精度。将SUBOFF潜艇模型的水平舵改进为共翼型舵及非共翼型舵,对艇后流场及水动力性能进行了预报。数值结果表明:在舵角小于10°时,共翼型舵使潜艇的俯仰力矩和垂向力相对非共翼型舵提升20%以上;在舵角超过10°时,共翼型舵的水动力优势随着舵角增大而减小。尾部流场预报显示:共翼型舵在小舵角时可以有效的消除舵翼结合处的涡流,同时共翼型舵可以有效的降低桨盘面伴流的不均匀性,对尾流品质的改善效果优于非共翼型舵。螺旋桨计算结果显示:共翼型舵螺旋桨推进系数在大部分舵角下都小于非共翼型舵,在舵角为20°时,共翼型舵相对非共翼型舵推力系数下降3.5%,扭矩系数下降2.4%;同时共翼型舵的桨盘面流场均匀度要优于非共翼型舵,舵角为5°时,共翼型舵桨盘面处流场不均匀度相对于非共翼型舵要降低7.1%,舵角为25°时则降低25.1%。 相似文献
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针对新月形厚覆冰导线的升力系数在风攻角15°附近存在突变的问题,分别采用基于k-ωSST湍流模型的雷诺时均法和大涡模拟(LES)的数值方法对新月形厚覆冰导线在风攻角10°~20°范围进行了模拟。通过对比两种数值方法计算得到的覆冰导线气动力系数、流场结构和表面风压,发现LES方法能够更好地捕捉新月形覆冰导线表面的小尺度涡结构,得到的覆冰导线气动力参数计算结果与风洞试验数据高度吻合;而k-ωSST湍流模型难以模拟壁面上小尺度涡,捕捉不到升力系数的突变。根据覆冰导线不同壁面区域的压力分布,发现上侧壁面处的涡结构影响整体流场,并在下侧壁面曲率、来流夹角和壁面切线方向共同作用下导致升力系数突变。LES的气动力参数模拟结果可为覆冰导线防舞提供参考。 相似文献
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为了研究S弯收扩喷管的流动机理,数值模拟了不同喷管落压比(NPR)和S形收敛管道出口面积比(A72/A8)对S弯收扩喷管内流动的影响。结果表明:当S弯收扩喷管处于高度过膨胀状态时,随着NPR升高,非对称分离逐渐转变为对称分离,λ型激波转变为马赫盘结构,气动性能下降,推力矢量角减小;随着NPR继续上升,激波从喷管内移动到喷管出口边缘,并逐渐转变为膨胀波,气动性能上升,推力矢量角减小至0°后保持不变。在完全遮挡高温部件的低可探测准则的约束下,出口面积比A72/A8的变化主要对S弯收扩喷管收敛段的流动特性产生显著影响,体现在S弯收扩喷管内的局部加速及二次流分布。S弯收扩喷管的气动性能随着A72/A8增大而提高,但当A72/A8增大至1.8时,第一弯管道出口上壁面发生流动分离,气动性能显著下降。 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2021,34(6):220-232
To investigate the influence of real leading-edge manufacturing error on aerodynamic performance of high subsonic compressor blades, a family of leading-edge manufacturing error data were obtained from measured compressor cascades. Considering the limited samples, the leading-edge angle and leading-edge radius distribution forms were evaluated by Shapiro-Wilk test and quantile–quantile plot. Their statistical characteristics provided can be introduced to later related researches. The parameterization design method B-spline and Bezier are adopted to create geometry models with manufacturing error based on leading-edge angle and leading-edge radius. The influence of real manufacturing error is quantified and analyzed by self-developed non-intrusive polynomial chaos and Sobol’ indices. The mechanism of leading-edge manufacturing error on aerodynamic performance is discussed. The results show that the total pressure loss coefficient is sensitive to the leading-edge manufacturing error compared with the static pressure ratio, especially at high incidence. Specifically, manufacturing error of the leading edge will influence the local flow acceleration and subsequently cause fluctuation of the downstream flow. The aerodynamic performance is sensitive to the manufacturing error of leading-edge radius at the design and negative incidences, while it is sensitive to the manufacturing error of leading-edge angle under the operation conditions with high incidences. 相似文献
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Water takeoff performance calculation method for amphibious aircraft based on digital virtual flight
《中国航空学报》2020,33(12):3082-3091
Owing to the strong coupling among the hydrodynamic forces, aerodynamic forces and motion of amphibious aircraft during the water takeoff process, the water takeoff performance is difficult to calculate accurately and quickly. Based on an analysis of the dynamics and kinematics characteristics of amphibious aircraft and the hydrodynamic theory of high-speed planing hulls, a suitable mathematical model is established for calculating the hydrodynamics of aircraft during water takeoff. A pilot model is designed to illustrate how pilots are affected by the lack of visual reference and the necessity to simultaneously control the pitch angle, flight velocity and other parameters during water takeoff. Combined with the aerodynamic model, engine thrust model and aircraft motion model, a digital virtual flight simulation model is developed for amphibious aircraft during water takeoff, and a calculation method for the water takeoff performance of amphibious aircraft is proposed based on digital virtual flight. Typical performance indicators, such as the liftoff time and liftoff distance, can be obtained via digital virtual flight calculations. A comparison of the measured flight test data and the calculation results shows that the calculation error is less than 10%, which verifies the correctness and accuracy of the proposed method. This method can be used for the preliminary evaluation of airworthiness compliance of amphibious aircraft design schemes, and the relevant calculation results can also provide a theoretical reference for the formulation of flight test plans for airworthiness certification. 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2021,34(10):20-35
Aiming to maximize the aerodynamic performance of the Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP) aircraft, a hybrid design framework which focuses on the aerodynamic performance of the propeller/wing integration has been developed and validated numerically. Variable-fidelity modelling for propeller aerodynamics has been used to achieve computational efficiency with reasonable accuracy. By optimizing the aerodynamic loading distributions on the tractor propeller disk, the induced slipstream is redistributed into a form that is beneficial for the wing downstream, based on which the propeller blade geometry is generated through a rapid inversed design procedure. As compared with the Minimum Induced Loss (MIL) propeller at a specified thrust level, significant improvements of both the lift-to-drag ratio of the wing and the propeller/wing integrated aerodynamic efficiency is achieved, which shows great promise to deliver aerodynamic benefits for the wing within the propeller slipstream without any additional devices. 相似文献
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针对高热流密度燃烧室壁面热防护需求提出了一种空气阵列射流冲击和燃油冷却肋板的集成冷却方式,在射流平均雷诺数(Rej)为10000至30000、燃油进口流速(vf)为2.33m/s至5.23m/s的范围内,采用数值模拟方法对其传热特性进行了研究,并基于壁面加热侧当量对流换热系数的概念,分析了基准肋板以及燃油冷却肋板的传热增强作用。与无肋板靶面的阵列射流冲击相比,带肋板阵列射流冲击的面积平均当量对流换热系数是前者的1.6倍,压力损失系数相对提高了约25%;采用燃油冷却肋板,加热壁面综合传热能力进一步增强,在Rej=10000时,采用燃油冷却肋板的面积平均当量对流换热系数是基准肋板的1.5倍以上,即使在Rej=30000时,燃油冷却肋板的传热增强比也可以达到1.2;燃油冷却肋板的出口温度相对进口温度的提升在20K~50K范围内,其提升幅度随着射流雷诺数或燃油进口流速的增大而减小。 相似文献