Evaluation of a regional real-time precise positioning system based on GPS/BeiDou observations in Australia

The performance of real-time (RT) precise positioning can be improved by utilizing observations from multiple Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) instead of one particular system. Since the end of 2012, BeiDou, independently established by China, began to provide operational services for users in the Asia-Pacific regions. In this study, a regional RT precise positioning system is developed to evaluate the performance of GPS/BeiDou observations in Australia in providing high precision positioning services for users. Fixing three hourly updated satellite orbits, RT correction messages are generated and broadcasted by processing RT observation/navigation data streams from the national network of GNSS Continuously Operating Reference Stations in Australia (AUSCORS) at the server side. At the user side, RT PPP is realized by processing RT data streams and the RT correction messages received. RT clock offsets, for which the accuracy reached 0.07 and 0.28?ns for GPS and BeiDou, respectively, can be determined. Based on these corrections, an accuracy of 12.2, 30.0 and 45.6?cm in the North, East and Up directions was achieved for the BeiDou-only solution after 30 min while the GPS-only solution reached 5.1, 15.3 and 15.5?cm for the same components at the same time. A further improvement of 43.7, 36.9 and 45.0 percent in the three directions, respectively, was achieved for the combined GPS/BeiDou solution. After the initialization process, the North, East and Up positioning accuracies were 5.2, 8.1 and 17.8?cm, respectively, for the BeiDou-only solution, while 1.5, 3.0, and 4.7?cm for the GPS-only solution. However, we only noticed a 20.9% improvement in the East direction was obtained for the GPS/BeiDou solution, while no improvements in the other directions were detected. It is expected that such improvements may become bigger with the increasing accuracy of the BeiDou-only solution.     

北斗空间信号误差统计特征及描述方法研究

通过对比北斗卫星导航系统(BeiDou Navigation Satellite System,BDS)广播星历与事后精密星历,提取了轨道和卫星时钟误差。基于北斗轨道误差及北斗卫星时钟误差统计特征分析,构建区别于全球定位系统(Global Positioning System,GPS)的BDS空间信号用户测距误差(Signal-In-Space User Range Error,SISRE)描述方法,对BDS广播星历中用户测距精度(User Range Accuracy,URA)进行了验证。6个月的北斗数据测试结果表明,北斗GEO、IGSO和MEO卫星的URA分别为3.0m、1.9m和1.6m。     

运载火箭三冗余飞行控制软件的数字仿真设计

提出了一种采用三冗余技术保证运载火箭飞行控制软件可靠性的设计方案,选择合适的冗余模式建立了三余度飞控软件的数字仿真平台,并给出了实现余度策略、同步算法等关键技术工程的软件流程。测试结果表明,该方案设计合理,不仅较好地完成了飞控计算机的余度管理任务,而且有效地保证了系统的可靠性与容错能力。     

一类不确定分数阶混沌系统的滑模自适应同步

基于滑模自适应控制理论、Lyapunov稳定性理论和分数阶线性系统稳定性理论，在考虑系统存在模型不确定和外部扰动的情况下，选用一种具有较强鲁棒性的分数阶滑模曲面，设计了合适的自适应滑模控制器。所设计的控制器能够将系统状态控制到滑模面上，实现两个不确定分数阶混沌系统的同步，且不需事先知道不确定项上界。该控制器结构简单，控制代价小，具有较好的通用性，对未知扰动具有较强的鲁棒性。数值仿真验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

Wireless Sensor Networks – A potential tool to probe for water on Moon

A Wireless Sensor Network for in situ probing of lunar water/ice is proposed. The mission scenario in single and multi-tier architectures for probing water in a permanently shadowed region of the Moon and different scenarios of exploration are discussed. The ideas presented in the paper are a positive assertion of feasibility for the sensor node hardware, given current levels of technological advancements.     

Compact frequency standard using atoms trapped on a chip

We present a compact atomic frequency standard based on the interrogation of magnetically trapped ⁸⁷Rb atoms. Two photons, in the microwave and radiofrequency domain excite the atomic transition. At a magnetic field of 3.23 G this transition from ∣F = 1, m_F = −1〉 to ∣F = 2, m_F = 1〉 is 1st order insensitive to magnetic field variations. Long Ramsey interrogation times can thus be achieved, leading to a projected stability in the low 10⁻¹³ at 1 s. This makes this device a viable alternative to LITE and HORACE as a good candidate for replacing or complementing the rubidium frequency standards and passive hydrogen masers already on board of the GPS, GLONASS, and GALILEO satellites. Here we present preliminary results. We use an atom chip to cool and trap the atoms. A coplanar waveguide is integrated to the chip to carry the Ramsey interrogation signal, making the physics package potentially as small as (5 cm)³. We describe the experimental apparatus and show preliminary Ramsey fringes of 1.25 Hz linewidth. We also show a preliminary frequency stability σ_y = 1.5 × 10⁻¹²τ^−1/2 for 10 < τ < 10³ s. This represents one order of magnitude improvement with respect to previous experiments.     

双向时间同步系统的设备时延校准技术研究

设备时延校准误差是卫星导航系统中伪码测距实现双向时间同步的重要误差因素,其精确校准是实现时间同步的关键技术.针对设备时延问题展开研究,提出了一种物理含义清晰、易于测量的设备时延的新定义.设计实现了一种双向时间同步系统的设备时延校准方案,基于时间同步站硬件平台验证了设备时延校准的有效性,试验结果表明时延校准的精度与准确度达到了亚纳秒量级.     

介质振荡器的设计

为了实现微型化相干布局囚禁（CPT）原子钟,需要设计出小体积、低功耗的微波电路。本文介绍了利用介质振荡器（DRO）实现的适合微型CPT原子钟的微波电路,首先利用ADS（Advanced Design System）软件实现了介质振荡器的仿真,然后根据仿真结果设计并实现了振荡器电路,测试结果表明：输出微波频率为3.4GHz、功率为-4dBm、功耗为37mW。     

GPS不完整星座定位方法研究

为了提高钟差预测模型辅助接收机定位解算的效果,从灰色系统的角度对接收机钟差序列进行探讨,提出了基于灰色理论的钟差预测模型.文中首先给出了新模型的基本思想和具体实现步骤,然后将基于该模型的钟差预测值引入到GPS接收机中,辅助接收机在不完整星座条件下实现定位解算.基于GPS实测数据的验证分析表明,新模型不仅对钟差序列具有很好的预测效果;而且提高了接收机定位的连续性和可靠性,在仅有3颗卫星的条件下可以实现三维定位.同时,新方法无需增加额外设备,辅助方式简单方便,经济灵活.     

载人航天空空通信子系统及其关键技术

介绍了实现神舟运输飞船与天宫目标飞行器间数据通信和传输的空空通信子系统的构成,以及空空通信机的功能及其主要性能指标。空空通信子系统采用抗干扰能力强、保密性优的直接序列扩频通信技术。分析了其中的核心中频解扩解调中的伪码同步和载波同步等关键技术,应用数字解调方案降低了子系统调试难度,提高了可靠性。