基于CFD高精度算法的雷电电磁场研究

雷电空间电磁场一直是电磁领域研究的热门，成熟的算法例如有限时域差分法（FDTD），传输线矩阵法（TLM）以及频域的矩量法（MoM）在计算雷电问题方面都有广泛的应用。由于计算流体力学（CFD）中的Euler方程与电磁学中的Maxwell方程有着相同的守恒形式，而且采用间断伽辽金方法（DG）已经在流场问题上得到广泛的尝试，因此引入了基于计算流体力学的DG方法来离散时域Maxwell方程，并采用网格分区并行技术加速计算，使用基于DG的圆球雷达散射截面积（RCS）算例进行测试，数值结果一致表明DG算法在求解电磁场问题上的可行性，之后通过计算一段近场雷电通道的电场分布并与解析解、某算法仿真解对比，数据基本吻合，说明该方法适合于雷电电磁场的计算。     

低轨卫星缺失时序数据的模式识别方法

在航天应用中，低轨卫星经常会由于原始数据缺失而影响卫星时序数据模式识别结果，降低准确率。针对该问题提出了一种新型MR-GRU模型，可有效处理缺失时序数据，并获得较好的模式识别准确率。区别于传统模型的补全缺失数据的方法，MR-GRU模型直接在缺失时序数据上运用循环神经网络进行训练，对传统门控循环单元结构进行了改进，增加了两个新变量：掩蔽项和衰减项。掩蔽项作用于输入，衰减项作用于输入和隐层单元输出。MR-GRU模型不仅能够保持时序数据固有的时间特性，还能有效提高模式识别精度。在卫星时序数据上的模式识别试验表明，MR-GRU模型准确率优于传统模型。     

Evaluation of SARAL/AltiKa performance using GNSS/IMU equipped buoy in Sajafi,Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports

Performance of SARAL/AltiKa mission has been evaluated within 2016 altimeter calibration/validation framework in Persian Gulf through three campaigns conducted in the offshore waters of Sajafi, Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports, while the altimeter overflew the passes 470, 111 and 25 on 13 Feb, 7 March and 17 June 2016, respectively. As the preparation, a lightweight buoy was equipped with a GNSS receiver/choke-ring antenna and a MEMS-based IMU to measure independent datasets in the field operations. To obtain accurate sea surface height (SSH) time series, the offset of the onboard antenna from the equilibrium sea level was predetermined through surveying operations as the buoy was deploying in the onshore waters of Kangan Port. Accordingly, the double-difference carrier phase observations have been processed via the Bernese GPS Software v. 5.0 so as to provide the GNSS-derived time series at the comparison points of the calibration campaigns, once the disturbing effects due to the platform tilt and heave have been eliminated. Owing to comparing of the SSH time series and the associating altimetry 1?Hz GDR-T datasets, the calibration/validation of the SARAL/AltiKa has been performed in the both cases of radiometer and ECMWF wet troposphere corrections so as to identify potential land contamination. An agreement of the present findings in comparison with those attained in other international calibrations sites confirms the promising feasibility of Persian Gulf as a new dedicated site for calibration/validation of ongoing and future altimetry missions.     

Analysis and design of Cubesat constellation for the Mediterranean south costal monitoring against illegal immigration

Costal monitoring is focused on fast response to illegal immigration and illegal ship traffic. Especially, the illegal ship traffic has been present in media since April 2015, as the number of reported deaths of immigrants crossing the Mediterranean significantly increased. Satellite images provide a possibility to at least partially control both types of events. This paper defines the principal criteria to select the best satellite constellation architecture for maritime and coastal monitoring, filling the gaps of imagery techniques in term of real-time control. The primary purpose of a constellation is to obtain global measurement improving the temporal resolution. The small size and low-cost are the main factors, which make CubeSats ideal for use in constellations. We propose a constellation of 9 Cubesats distributed evenly in 3 different planes. This reduces the revisit time enhancing the coverage duration. In addition, it also allows observing fire, damage on building and similar disasters. In this analysis, the performance criteria were reported such as the revisit time, the vision duration and the area coverage.     

主辅拦截器协同制导方法研究

随着现代导弹技术的发展,导弹的突防能力越来越强,对导弹的防御难度也逐渐增大。为增强拦截器的杀伤力并降低成本,可利用主辅拦截器协同制导对目标进行拦截。建立了拦截器与目标的相对运动模型,通过对运动方程进行线性化分析,发现协同制导问题实质为具有终端时间限制条件的导引问题,该问题可转化为线性化系统的最优控制问题。利用最优控制中的极小值原理设计了时间协同制导律。仿真结果表明:该制导律可实现多枚拦截器在同一时刻拦截目标的协同制导要求。     

飞机动态推出控制策略仿真优化模型

机场离港运行的无序化造成滑行过程中的长时间排队等待及大量燃油浪费。为了减少燃油消耗和废气排放,在已有的动态推出控制策略基础上提出了阶梯函数控制策略(Step function,SPC)和非线性函数动态推出策略(Nonlinear function,NPC)的一般形式,以离港成本为目标,建立了基于停机位等待惩罚的动态推出控制模型,在不延误的前提下提出了一种基于网格参数优化的蒙特卡洛仿真优化算法。通过北京首都机场实际运行数据对推出过程进行仿真计算,并与无控制策略以及传统N-control策略的最优可达解进行仿真对比,结果表明:在不延误的前提下,提出的推出策略可以更加有效地降低平均滑行道滑行时间,NPC策略的离港运行成本和燃油成本可降低45.52%和54.23%,SPC虽然成本节省劣于NPC策略,但是其简单的操作方式可以为离港推出调度方式的改进提供决策支持。     

航天器近距离交会的固定时间终端滑模控制

针对航天器近距离交会段的位置姿态耦合控制问题，假设航天器受外界干扰且目标航天器存在空间自由翻滚情形时，基于固定时间概念设计了一种六自由度位姿终端滑模自适应控制器，通过引入显含正弦函数的切换项来避免奇异问题。此外所设计的控制器含双幂次项，不仅能全局提高姿态和位置的跟踪速度及精度，还能估计系统稳定所需的时间上界，且该上界与状态初始值无关。基于Lyapunov方法分析了闭环系统的固定时间稳定性。仿真结果表明，该控制器能快速实现对航天器近距离交会时相对位置和姿态的控制，具有较高的精度和良好的干扰抑制能力。     

Statistical study of the time delay of ionospheric TEC storms to geomagnetic storms in Taoyuan,Taiwan

We have studied the time delay of ionospheric storms to geomagnetic storms at a low latitude station Taoyuan (25.02°N, 121.21°E), Taiwan using the Dst and TEC data during 126 geomagnetic storms from the year 2002 to 2014. In addition to the known local time dependence of the time delay, the statistics show that the time delay has significant seasonal characteristics, which can be explained within the framework of the seasonal characteristics of the ionospheric TEC. The data also show that there is no correlation between the time delay and the intensity of magnetic storms. As for the solar activity dependence of the time delay, the results show that there is no relationship between the time delay of positive storms and the solar activity, whereas the time delay of negative storms has weakly negative dependence on the solar activity, with correlation coefficient −0.41. Especially, there are two kinds of extreme events: pre-storm response events and long-time delay events. All of the pre-storm response events occurred during 15–20 LT, manifesting the Equator Ionospheric Anomaly (EIA) feature at Taoyuan. Moreover, the common features of the pre-storm response events suggest the storm sudden commencement (SSC) and weak geomagnetic disturbance before the main phase onset (MPO) of magnetic storms are two main possible causes of the pre-storm response events. By analyzing the geomagnetic indices during the events with long-time delay, we infer that this kind of events may not be caused by magnetic storms, and they might belong to ionospheric Q-disturbances.     

大跨时空任务背景下的太阳能无人机任务规划技术研究进展

通过任务规划技术合理的优化太阳能无人机的飞行轨迹和动力学参数，能够有效提高太阳能无人机的能量利用率，使其胜任许多大范围跨时间跨空间飞行任务。从能量建模、续航评估和能量管理策略3个方面对大跨时空任务背景下太阳能无人机任务规划技术的研究进展进行了综述。在能量建模方面，介绍了当前主流的太阳辐射模型和能量生产基本框架；在续航评估方面，分析了目前的指标设计和应用方法；在能量管理策略方面，从能量综合应用、风力滑翔机制、轨迹优化方法和面向特定任务的应用4个角度，梳理了当前的研究现状。最后，对该领域未来可能的研究方向进行了展望。