无人机翼尖小翼参数优化及风洞试验研究

为延长无人机留空时间，加大航程和提高升限，可采用加装翼尖小翼的方法使无人机的升阻比有所提高。在工程估算的基础上．对几十种翼尖小翼的组合方案进行了风洞试验，并对试验结果进行了优化分析．得出了可供无人机使用的翼尖小翼参数。试验结果表明，加装翼尖小翼使全机最大升阻比可提高10．6％。     

轴流压气机折线缝式机匣处理扩稳机理

1引言风扇/压气机的气动失稳不但会对其气动性能造成恶劣影响,而且还有可能对发动机结构造成毁灭性的破坏。因此,如何延迟风扇/压气机气动失稳的发生,拓展稳定工作范围,一直是提高其性能的关键技术之一。机匣处理是一种扩大压气机稳定工作范围的有效措施,然而,大多数机匣处理在     

Effect of blade tip winglet on the performance of a highly loaded transonic compressor rotor

The tip leakage flow has an important influence on the performance of transonic com-pressor. Blade tip winglet has been proved to be an effective method to control the tip leakage flow in compressor, while the physical mechanisms of blade tip winglet have been poorly understood. A numerical study for a highly loaded transonic compressor rotor has been conducted to understand the effect of varying the location of blade tip winglet on the performance of the rotor. Two kinds of tip winglet were designed and investigated. The effects of blade tip winglet on the compressor over-all performance, stability and tip flow structure were presented and discussed. It is found that the interaction of the tip winglet with the flow in the tip region is different when the winglet is located at suction-side or pressure-side of the blade tip. Results indicate that the suction-side winglet (SW) is ineffective to improve the performance of compressor rotor. In addition, a significant stall range extension equivalent to 33.74% with a very small penalty in efficiency can be obtained by the pressure-side winglet (PW). An attempt has been made to explain the fundamental mechanisms of blade tip winglet in detail.     

压气机转子叶片的抑颤设计(“两机”专刊)

以一高压压气机转子叶片为对象开展了叶片抑颤工程设计方法研究,采用基于相位延迟边界条件的能量法和特征值法对原转子叶片模型的气动弹性稳定性进行评估,通过分析近失速工况下的非定常气动功密度分布,对叶片安装角沿径向分布、弦长和叶尖间隙等设计参数进行调整,以明确各参数对气动弹性稳定性的影响,最终达到提高气动阻尼的目的。研究结果表明：叶尖间隙对气动阻尼的影响较大,安装角次之,弦长影响相对较小。叶片气动阻尼随叶尖间隙的变化并非单调,而是存在一个叶尖间隙使其气动阻尼最小,即叶片气动弹性稳定性最差。减小进口气流攻角和增加折合频率,能够提高气动阻尼,设计中可以通过调节安装角来减小气流攻角,增加弦长来增大折合频率。     

端壁抽吸对压气机叶栅间隙泄漏流控制策略的研究

为了研究压气机机匣端壁抽吸对间隙泄漏流动控制的可行性和有效性,以高负荷压气机叶栅为研究对象,通过数值模拟方法对不同抽吸位置和抽吸流量率控制参数下的计算工况进行了对比和分析。研究结果表明:端壁抽吸可以直接地影响叶尖泄漏流的结构形态和存在形式,减弱叶尖泄漏流的强度和影响范围,进而提升压气机叶栅的性能;当抽吸槽覆盖范围包含叶尖泄漏流形成位置及稍靠后附近区域时,所对应的抽吸方案具有较好的控制效果,在0°攻角和0.5%的抽吸流量条件下前槽抽吸和中槽抽吸分别可获得7.04%和7.76%的叶栅总压损失增益;并且进一步研究发现端壁抽吸流量率存在上临界值,应针对不同攻角工况,在其相应的临界值范围内选择合理的抽吸流量,以达到用较小的吸气量实现对间隙泄漏流的控制。     

翼尖装置优化设计研究

使用面元法气动分析软件VSAERO对机翼与翼梢小翼组合体模型进行数值模拟,并采用Steve Smith提出的诱导阻力优化方法对翼梢小翼的定位进行优化设计。结果表明,能够有效地预测出翼梢小翼的最优定位,在翼梢小翼优化设计中具有很好的适用性。     

叶顶压力侧小翼对跨声速涡轮级气动性能影响的数值研究

为了研究涡轮叶顶间隙泄漏流动有效控制的方式,本文将肋条小翼结构这种被动流动控制技术应用于涡轮级动叶叶顶中,以控制跨声速涡轮级叶顶间隙泄漏流动并改善其气动性能。通过数值模拟方法,分析了采用平顶方案、肋条方案和小翼肋条方案的涡轮级气动性能和叶顶间隙流动特性,研究了变间隙条件下小翼肋条方案对间隙泄漏流的控制效果,深入探讨小翼最大偏置距离和外倾角对小翼控制效果的影响。结果表明：所采用的肋条小翼结构能够有效地控制叶顶间隙泄漏流动并提高涡轮级的效率;在间隙高度为1mm时,涡轮级效率的提升达到0.51%,叶顶间隙泄漏流率下降48.6%;此外,随着小翼外倾角的增加,涡轮级效率逐渐增加并存在一个最佳的向外偏置距离为1.2mm。     

融合式翼梢小翼减阻效应研究

有效减小诱导阻力对于飞机降低油耗、提高航程具有重要意义。针对某飞机翼身组合体构型,采用CFD数值模拟方法分析融合式翼梢小翼对飞机气动力特性的影响,尤其是其减阻效应;并给出翼梢小翼附近的空间流场。结果表明:带翼梢小翼后翼尖涡强度减弱,飞机阻力系数明显下降;固定升力系数0.5时,弯矩增加3.2%,阻力系数减小4.2%。     

A tip clearance prediction model for multistage rotors and stators in aero-engines

Tip clearances of multistage rotors and stators greatly affect aero-engines’ aerodynamic efficiency, stability and safety. The inevitable machining and assembly errors, as well as the complicated error propagation mechanism, cause overproof or non-uniform tip clearances. However, it is generally accepted that tip clearances are difficult to predict, even under assembly state. In this paper, a tip clearance prediction model is proposed based on measured error data. Some 3D error propagation sub-models, regarding rotors, supports and casings, are built and combined. The complex error coupling relationship is uncovered using mathematical methods. Rotor and stator tip clearances are predicted and analyzed in different phase angles. The maximum, minimum and average tip clearances can be calculated. The proposed model is implemented by a computer program, and a case study illustrates its performance and verifies its feasibility. The results can be referred by engineers in assembly quality judgement and decision-making.     

轴流压气机转子叶尖二次涡的试验验证及形成机理

对轴流压气机转子机匣壁面静压进行动态测量,采用小波分析方法处理近失速工况动态压力测量信号,功率谱显示在与二次涡相近的频率上存在较高的能量带,能量峰值沿轴向的衰减与二次涡的变化规律相符,表明二次涡在流场中存在是可能的。针对相同转子进行全通道非定常数值模拟,计算结果表明,近失速工况下,转子圆周每个通道叶顶附近均存在规律一致的二次涡运动。叶片中后段间隙泄漏流与间隙泄漏涡破碎产生的低能流体相互作用,在泄漏涡破碎形成的堵塞区域中形成二次涡。二次涡运动使得近叶顶载荷分布发生变化,从而导致近叶顶流场出现了一种周期性的自维持的非定常流动现象。